This is the end of Model Test 1.
Model Test 1
Answer Key
Part I. Listening ComprehensionSection A1.B2. D3. A4. B5. C6. D7. A8. D9. D10.D11.B12. B13. A14. D15.C16. D17.D18. B19. D20. C21. B22. B23. A24. A25. C26. A27. D28. B29. C30. APart II. VocabularySection A31. B32. B33. B34. B35.C36. C37. A38. A39. A40. BSection B41. A42. D43. B44. C45. B46. D47. A48. D49. C50. DPart III. Cloze51. B52. A53. C54. D55. C56. A57. B58. B59. A60. APart IV. Reading Comprehension61. D62.A63.B64.A65.B66. B67. D68. A69. D70. C71. B72. C73. D74.A75.B76. C77. B78. A79. D80. A81. C82. B83. D84. D85. D86. A87. C88. D89. A90. APart V. WritingNowadays, more city people are becoming aware of “subhealth”. The problem is characterized by panic, short breath, listlessness, dizziness, headache, insomnia, etc. But it’s hard to find anything wrong by instruments in these cases. If you have these problems, you are subhealthy, or, have Chronic Fatigue Syndrome (CFS). Surveys indicate that many white-collar workers or intellectuals have various subhealth symptoms. Some clinics have been established in some Chinese cities, which are devoted to psychiatric massage for patients in subhealth. Subhealth is usually caused by overloaded social information which causes chronic excitement and thus subhealth pathological basis. Obviously, it is a gray condition between healthy and unhealthy conditions, a disorder of the body and mind. Experts think the high risk factors causing subhealthy conditions are closely related to the unhealthy life style and behaviors of the modern people, such as high tempo of life, stress, smoking, drinking, lack of exercise, etc. Since females are more susceptible to CFS than males, doctors suggest that they keep calm, prevent constipation, speak less and keep warm in cold seasons. Simply put, subhealth is not a disease but a physical and mental disorder, caused by too much work pressure, hurried pace of life and sedentary life. To overcome it, relax yourself and live in a healthy and active style.
Detailed Explanations of Answers to Model Test 1
Part I. Listening Comprehension
Section A
1. [B] 这是个考概括的题。不是男的喜欢画画,而是他的外甥对画画很在行。be good at something即是“很在行(be into it)”的意思。Are you kidding?只是男的的一句反问,言下之意,“我学画画是不可能的”。
2. [D] 这是个语义题,考对成语的理解。not make heads or tails of=not make any sense out of his course。而且上下文也显示男的曾经修过该课程,现在又得重修。女的也表示这太糟糕了。故D)为正确答案。
3. [A] 这是一个典型的细节题。原句说要去看看书店卖的多少钱一个(to see how much they want for one of theirs)即是check the price of calculators(看看价格)。
4. [B] 考对细节的理解和重述。overcharge就是charge too much的意思。故B。
5. [C] 这是个推断题。男的说:“如果我再吃一口,我就要给撑爆了。”言下之意:Avoid taking any more food,所以C为正确答案。
6. [D] 女的说Dr. Gordon以为她得在会议室见他的,也就是说,Dr. Gordon was waiting for the man in the conference room,故D。
7. [A] 男的说“that was more than I could ask for”指的是教授提供的帮助比他预期的还要多,所以推出A)为正确答案。
8. [D] 考意义转折。But表明女的不同意男的观点。It does的意思是the book does provide an explanation of the answers。
9. [D] 这是个很典型的推断题。教授先是反对建立核电站,然后又支持,似乎很矛盾。但实际上说明他对正反两方的意见都很理解。而A、B和C都与全文不符,故推导出D为正确答案。
10. [D] 细节推断题。问女的意思是什么。这个对话内容可能对有的学生比较生疏。学生做实验用的样品有个终止期,而女的则说只要能早点交实验结果,她会不离开这些样品直到最后一份钟。言下之意:留下这些样品。C的干扰性较强,因为原句中有if I could hand in my results sooner,与C的意思吻合,但不是主干信息,主干信息是if从句之前的主句。
11. [B] 先说Ms. Fagan is diligent,后者又说she really works her fingers to the bone(=hard-working),所以Ms Fagan给老板的印象就是hard-working。故B为正确答案。
12. [B] 考归纳推断女人的言下之意。问从女的回答中可以听出她对开幕式的看法如何。回答比较委婉,但在“尽管”后面做文章:提出了奶酪和酒不太合适,言下之意:本来可以再好些的。其余几个选项中每个都含有女的话中的某个词或短语,但都支离破碎,起干扰作用。
13. [A] 考对第一个人话的归纳。这个人的每句话都跟写信有关。根据“听到什么选什么”的“原则”这里只有A有e-mail,故选A应该没有多大问题。
14. [D] 考推理能力。首先从女的那里知道他是买过笔的(B),现在找女的借,说明他需要笔(A)。找女的借用,说明他现在手头没有笔。即使在汉语中也是同样的道理,如果别人问:你手上有零抄吗?其言下之意肯定是:我现在手头没有零钱。
15. [C] 考我们能从对话中推断出什么来。男的话中的impossible是关键词,然后又说没有现钞,别的人已经用分期付款的方式买了那辆车。拿不出现钞就是没钱,没钱就是“买不起”:can’t afford to buy a new car。这种对话中第二人的话的第一句,甚至第一个词或短语是解题的关键。
Section B
Talk One
对话中的女的是大学的营养师,叫欧莱利夫人,男的是个学生。后者因医生说他血压高了并劝他来找营养师咨询。女的建议学生少食用含钠多的食物,如土豆片、汉堡包之类的快餐食物,要食用低热量、低胆固醇及低糖的东西。营养师还给了学生一张各种食物含钠量的表格,帮助他控制饮食。对话中,男的有时还显得非常风趣。四个问题比较简单,有一些医学术语,但一般都比较常见,对医学专业考生来说应该不成问题。
16. [D] 问谁让这个男的去找欧莱利夫人的。这里每个选项(除C外)都提到过。nutritionist是欧莱利夫人本人。那个学生的第三句话就是专门说the doctor told me to see the university nutritionist about it。所以,从这里可以看出,长篇对话和讲话的问题有时就是稍加修改的原话。
17. [D] 细节题。考学生对细节的捕捉,问女营养师给了这个学生什么。在谈话中间,营养师提到One moment. Ah, here’s the one. This is a chart of the sodium content of different foods.而且在最后也提到了这张表格。只要学生听到了这个chart应该就可以选D了。正所谓“听到什么选什么”。
18. [B] 问为什么要注意饮食。只有高血压在原文中提到,那些要注意的食物也说明只有因为血压高才要注意饮食。D:超重,在文中没有提到。因此与原文无关。
19. [D] 问这个男的一般都在哪里吃饭。原文中两处接连提到dining hall,而且女的说要让餐厅经理为他的食物做特殊安排,正好说明他通常都是在餐厅吃饭的。说到了餐馆和医院食堂,但都是男方随意提及的,并非重点。
20. [C] 问学生在谈话结束时的心情如何。既然问结束时的心情,答案肯定就在谈话结束时提到过:This won’t be nearly as bad as I thought it would be(事情没有我原先想象的那么糟糕),这么说的时候他的心情肯定是释然的(relieved)。
Talk Two
讲话的主题在第一句话中就提到了:a new weapon in the war on household pests(与房屋中的害虫搏斗的新武器),这个新武器就是“热空气”。其原理是一般的昆虫都不能忍受高于平常的温度。比如,蟑螂和白蚁在摄氏50度的存活时间最多15分钟。利用这个原理,把一栋房子用一个大帐篷盖起来,往里面灌热空气,持续6小时就足以杀死这些害虫,而对人或宠物没有有毒遗留物、没有怪气味,也没有火灾的危险,因为很少有家用或建筑材料在摄氏65度就燃烧起来的。实际上,建筑用的木材还要专门在摄氏80度左右烘干。
讲话的词汇量很低,可能有的考生不懂cockroach和termite为何物,但这并不影响理解,选项中也没有提到这两个词。关键在于要明白这是两种昆虫类的害虫就行了。
21. [B] 问主题是什么。这里pests这个词的出现频率最高,fire, construction, toxic各只在讲话中出现过一次。所以,可以看出,这种片段中出现频率最高的词往往都与主旨有关。
22. [B] 问这种治虫方法的长处是什么。原文中提到它无毒、无怪味、无着火危险,都说明它很安全。其余选项似乎没有提到过。
23. [A] 问为什么用帐篷盖住房子。考细节的捕捉和记忆。原文中有…the tent keeps the heat inside the house正好就是A的说法。还是应了那句“听到什么选什么”的说法。其余选项多少有些干扰但不能仅凭想象或常识来判断要根据课文。
24. [A] 问为什么要提到建筑木材要用火烤。在最后的两句话中提到了这一点:没有着火的危险。80度的火都不会使木头燃起来,60度就更不成问题了。
25. [C] 问吹进帐篷的热空气的温度是多少。也是细节捕捉题,其余选项的干扰性很强。短文中提到烤木头的火是80度左右,那么帐篷里的温度肯定是80度以下了,而且65度在短文的开头和结尾处都提到过,即使你听不懂其他的话,只要两次听到65度,你都可以獴上C这个答案。125度是华氏,等于摄氏50度。听力考试中,考数字题时,重要的数字往往都要重复和强调的,与其他所列举的数字是有所区别的。
Talk Three
这是一段老师对学生的讲话,主要是关于如何拟一短小论文的提纲。老师提出目前学生交上来的提纲的最突出的问题是题目太大,太广泛,一篇15页长的论文是讨论不了的。另外,老师还交代了一些有关的细节,如交卷日期、与学生约定讨论其提纲的时间、提纲的格式以及提纲中必须包括的内容(如主题陈述句及结论等等)。最后,又在最后两句话中简明扼要地总结了前面的话。
这段话的内容对学生来说不是很熟悉,但没有任何生僻的单词和术语。这里要向考生提醒的是:考场上可能出现任何意外情况,试卷中可以出现任何困难问题。早点经历这种困难的情形,对培养一定的考试心理素质是大有裨益的。
26. [A] 考对细节信息的捕捉和记忆,问讲话人在这堂课之前可能做了什么事。A的意思在讲话的最开头就说了。 其余选项都是他和学生在课堂上或课下要做的事情。
27. [D] 问话题是什么。说道了textbook但没有把它与assignment联系在一起;说到了requirements但没有说到期末考试;说到了论文题目的选择,但没有说到研究题目。只有D“如何准备论文提纲”提到了。
28. [B] 问跟学生的面谈什么时候进行。原话中是这么说的,星期五交提纲,下周(next week) 跟每个学生面谈。办公室门上有个表格,让学生在上面写上约会时间。其余的选项中C在原文中是提到过,但是指的论文最后的交卷日期(which is due two weeks from today),其余选项不符题意。
29. [C] 问师生面谈的目的是什么。老师在提到了会面日期后就指出:In the conference, we’ll discuss your preliminary outline。可以看出,选项C几乎就是原话。
30. [A] 问提纲的应该怎样开头。同样也是细节捕捉题,多少也有考常识的成分,因为毕竟都是学生,学生写文章肯定要学文章如何开头的。讲话人专门说来: Be sure to begin with a thesis statement, that is, with a precise statement of the point you intend to prove(务必用一个thesis statement开头)。
Part II. Vocabulary
Section A
31. [B] 摆脱。考近似词组的辨析。get out of:逃避,避免(做)某事;get down to:开始认真做某事;get round to:用哄骗来说服。
32. [B] 紧张(状态),压力。考近义词的辨析。nervousness:神经紧张,不安;strain:过度疲劳,拉紧,尽力;extension:延长,扩充。
33. [B] 遵循。考动词短语搭配。go after:追求;go ahead:继续;go on:继续做某事。句子大意:中国政府决心遵循发展农业的既定政策。
34. [B] 销售数字。考近义词的辨析。figures指具体的数字(字形,形状),且与sales搭配为固定说法;numbers:带复数的number很少见,意义也很特别;amount和quantity一般用作不可数名词的量词。
35. [C] 爆发,突然蔓延。考具体句子中词汇的意思。state:状态,状况;incident:既可指
国际政治中发生的事件,也可以指身边发生的小事、事件;event:指具有历史影响的大事
情、事件。
36. [C] 考固定搭配:by trial and error(摸索,通过各种尝试)。
37. [A] 进一步考虑之后。考固定搭配短语辨析。on second thought纯属on second thoughts的误用;on the whole:总的来看,大体上;at the thought of:一想到……。
38. [A] 诱人的,有魅力的。上下文中的词义辨析。distasteful:令人不愉快的,讨厌的;disgusting:令人厌恶的;repulsive:排斥的,令人厌恶的。
39. [A] 凸出的,凸起的。近义词辨析。干扰最强的选项是B:swollen(肿胀的);根据题干可以看出,是牙受了感染而肿了起来,从而导致脸部凸起,而不是脸部肿了。
40. [B] (不及物动词)出现,发生。考形似词的辨析。appeal:请求,呼吁,吸引;arouse: 唤起,引起;abuse:滥用,虐待。
Section B
41. [A] 自动的。全句大意:许多人都自动地来献血。for one’s own sake:为了他们自己的缘故。
42. [D] 分散,分离。考根据上下文对动词短语的选用。全句大意:天然气燃烧时,碳氢化合分子便分离成碳和氢原子。这里的介词into对break up的搭配至关重要。Contract:收缩;vaporize:蒸发;collide:碰撞,抵触。故除D外其余选项均不合题意。
43. [B]加重,恶化。C:aggrieve(令委屈,令痛苦)。大凡这种词汇考试,若选项越与题中的考项相吻合,这个选项越不能选。
44. [C] 结果,45. 后果。考近义词和相关词的辨析。句子大意:在叫做实用主义的伦理道德体
系中,一个行为的正确与否是根据其结果来评判的。所谓“实用主义”也就是“不管是白猫还是黑猫,抓住老鼠就是好猫”,所以只有C(结果)合题意。其余选项:cost(成本),necessity(必要性),relevance(中肯,适当),显然不合题意。
45. [B] 疯狂的。desperate:绝望的,不顾一切的。这个选项意义与frantic相近,故选B。
46. [D] 醉人的,使人兴奋的。与D(刺激的)近义,故D为正确答案。appetizing: 美味可口的,促进食欲的。显然不合题意。
47. [A] 干预,干扰,介入。与intervene(干预,介入,“时间上”介于其间)正好吻合,故选A:interlace : 交织,交错;interpose: 提出;interlink:连接,连环。根据题意:介于事故和手术之间的时间长度是个关键因素。放其余选择都不合适,惟有选A比较合适。
48. [D] 窒息,闷气。与suffocation正好同义,故选D。suffusing: 充满,填满。
49. [C] 单调乏味,厌烦。与boredom同义。loneliness(孤独,寂寞)离题义甚远。
50. [D] 省去,不需要。比较合乎题意“省却,免除”。干扰性较强的是C:弄死,废除。
显然不合题意。
Part III. Cloze
这是一篇关于台湾医生目前收入的短文。短文指出,过去台湾的医生颇受民众欢迎,因为他们是病人的救命恩人又有令人敬佩的医德。但现在不同了,他们的收入受到公众的嫉妒和指责。他们从住院病人身上收取红包,从医药公司那里提取回扣。以致与这种回扣弄得一家药厂不堪重负。尽管是讲医生的,但没有什么医学术语。
51. [B] 缓解…的病痛(或症状)。考relieve这个词的搭配和意义的理解。deprive可以跟一个of,但不合题意。release和 reduce 是及物动词,在这里不能与of搭配,而且放到句中意义也不对,故选B为正确答案。
52. [A] 令人钦佩的。考在上下文中对词义的辨析。advisable:可取的,明智的;appreciable:可感知的,可评估的;acceptable:可接受的,合意的。
53. [C] be inclined to:倾向于…做…。考词义辨析和词的使用。其余选项不是没有这样的搭配,就是意义不合适。tend一词很少这样当过去分词使用;be opposed to往往是接名词、代词或动名词;be persuaded to:被劝告去做…。
54. [D] be true of:符合于…, 对…适用。考true的搭配。
55. [C] 羡慕的对象。考对上下文的理解和具体语境中词义的选用。容易错选的是pride,56. 但它与上下文不57. 太切58. 合。disgust:厌恶,59. 嫌恶。
60. [A] 控告。考近义词的辨析。这几个词都有“控告”,61. “批评”的意思,62. 惟有charge 可以构成charge sb. that sb….的句型。而63. accuse只能是accuse sb. of sth. (doing sth.)的句型;blame只能是blame sb. for doing sth.(sth.);而64. contend that …就成了“争辩说…”的意思。如:The police contended that the difficulties they faced were too severe。故不65. 合题意。
66. [B] 治疗,67. 待遇。考在具体的上下文中对词的选用。其余选项与短文无关。
68. [B] 因为,69. 由于。考对上下文逻辑关系的理解。
70. [A] 促进(销售)。考词义辨析,71. 这里肯定是“促销”。句子大意:由于多年来在药品促销方面开支太大,72. 这家药厂将不73. 再给医生回扣。
74. [A] 考对句子结构的辨认和关联词的使用。句子大意:我们不75. 知道上面提到的否认这些私下交易的官员们对此做何解释。
Part IV. Reading Comprehension
Passage One
这是一篇论说文。主要讨论了如何按照温度调节来对动物进行分类。作者提出,通常把所有的动物都分成“冷血动物”和“热血动物”的说法是不科学的,而那种按照动物是否保持身体的恒温的区分方法也有不足之处。他提出目前的区分方法是通过了解动物是根据体内新陈代谢过程还是环境来区分。
61. [D] 主旨题。问本文主要讨论了什么问题。从第二段和第三段的头一句可以看出,这两段都讨论的是如何划分动物的。而且这两段中出现频率最高的词都与differ或distinction有关。A只说到了主旨的一部分;B虽在文中提到有关体温测量的研究,但未说是最新研究;C说主旨是降温的诸多方法,似乎也不妥当。D的概括性最强,故选D。
62. [A] 细节辨认题。问下列哪个术语指的是哺乳动物和鸟类。答案很明显,在第一和第二段里都能找到。故A为正确答案。
63. [B] 细节辨认题。问一般说来温血动物的体温是通过什么来调节的。这道题应该用“扫描法”来做,首先找到endotherms这个关键词,然后再在其前后句子中寻找相关的信息。第三段第二行中可以找到这样一个短语:by internal metabolic process…和The former are called endotherms。因此,B应该是正确答案。
64. [A] 细节辨认题。问外温动物调节体温的主要方法是什么。答案见第三段中的这么一句:they do so mainly by locomoting to favorable sites or by changing their exposure to external sources of heat,答案显然应该是A了。其余选项与问题相去甚远。
65. [B] 细节推断题。问人类调节体温的主要方法是什么。文中没有直接提到人类是如何调节体温的,但通过对endotherms(温血动物)的描述可知人类应该是这样调节体温的。C和D与答案有关,但只讲了答案的一部分,与B相比都过于偏狭,D甚至有些风马牛不相及。故B为正确答案。
Passage Two
本文讲述了一群孩子沿着一条狭窄的通道走,结果看到一幅迷人的美景:一个小湖泊和一座大房子。随后他们想继续往前探索。这种文体在NEATMD阅读中比较常见。文字简单,描写生动逼真。偶有生僻字词也不影响对整个短文的理解。
66. [B] 细节题。问孩子们从最后一个拱门走出时,为什么突然都不说话了。这是因为他们看见了一幅只有在意大利画册上才能看见的美丽景象。他们因此而目瞪口呆。
67. [D] 细节题。问他们从平台(terrace)上能看见什么。从原文中提到平台的地方起可以看到作者是这样描写的,站在平台上,看见一个湖,湖中有个岛,岛上有柳树,树丛中有些塑像。
68. [A] 细节题。问他们怎样才能从平台上来到湖边。原文中有这么一句话:Steps went from the terrace to water…,故答案为A;其余答案不合题意。
69. [D] 问Kathleen觉得如果他们遇见一个园丁,这个园丁会怎样呢。从原文中引用的Kathleen的问话可知D为正确答案。
70. [C] 推断题。故事暗示孩子们…。答案可以从Kathleen的问话开始推断。A与原文正好相反;B非原文中提到的;D与原文相反。
Passage Three
这篇短文是关于一种为求职者代写简历和求职信的新型业务的。其中讨论了两种类型的求职信。一是过去那种只求职不写求职者详情(或简历)的求职。当时求职者本人的详情一般都留待以后面试时再说。这种做法在就业率比较高时比较奏效,但在现在就业不足的情况下,这种方法显然就不灵了。新型的代写简历和求职信的业务说明目前就业不足。而且要寻求更重要的工作求职信和简历中最好有些特色的东西,以使人感兴趣。总之,简历比以前重要多了。
全篇没有生僻的单词和表达方式,理解起来应该不成问题。
71. [B] 细节判断题。问这种新型广告的作用是什么。答案在这种广告通常的套话中寻找(见第二段):利用我们的长期的经验,为您准备一份有用的简历。A、B和C未提及,与本题也无关。
72. [C] 细节题。问为什么对这种特殊服务的需求增加了。第二段第2句说是反应了目前的高失业率。A多了个artistic一词;B未提及;D也没有提及。
73. [D] 细节题。问过去人们觉得第一次求职者应该作什么。A违背原文;B在原文中只提到要写下是否通过了什么考试,而没有说应该通过某些考试才能求职;C没有提及。D可以在第三段的这个句子中推断出来:everything else could and should be saved for the interview。
74. [A] 推断题。问找更重要的职位或工作时,在信里写些什么最好。答案在倒数第二段有两处提到:1) some special feature,2) distinguish you from …。特殊的东西一般情况下应该是比较“吸引人的”。
75. [B] 细节推断题。问为什么简历变得如此这般的重要。这个题的答案应该在最后一段中轻而易举地找出来。A)容易被误选,因为它的前半部与B)相似,粗心时容易选它;C和D在文中多少提及,但与本题无关。故选B)为正确答案。
Passage Four
短文讨论了解释新闻的必要性,批驳了所谓“纯粹事实论“。第一段提出解释新闻是新闻工作者面临的最重要的任务。所谓“纯粹事实论”是不可能的,因为对事实的报导是有选择性的,是因人而异的。另外,事实放在头版还是其他地方也有很多主观因素,而提供事实牵涉到的三种判断实质上就是一种对新闻的解释。而且陈述事实也不可能完全的客观,编辑可以通过选择事实来“歪曲事实(slanting news)”。
76. [C] 主旨题。问最恰当的短文标题是什么。整个短文都是在讨论解释新闻的问题。A:(任何东西都算数),显然不合短文本意;B(三种判断)只是论据的一部分;D(选择事实)是在说到编辑可以对报导那个消息进行挑选时说到的。
77. [B] 细节题。问为什么记者从50条事实中只挑选10条。原文中第四段提到的his space allocation being necessarily restricted正好回答了这个问题。A、C和D都未在文中提及。
78. [A] 细节推断题。问作者认为在陈述一个实事求是的故事时,作家应当做到什么。倒数第二段中说这种时候至少牵涉到3个因素。B正好是作者所批判的;C在文中没有提及;D违背了短文的原意。
79. [D] 细节题。问“歪曲新闻”的最无效的办法是什么。最后一段中说到,如果一个编辑想要歪曲新闻的话,他用其他任何方式都可以比解释新闻更有效地歪曲新闻。言下之意,解释新闻就是最没用的手段了。
80. [A] 细节题,问把一段报道放在第一版和或第24版可以控制什么。从第四段中可以看出的最后两句话即可看出这种放置的重要性了。
Passage Five
这是一篇关于儿童撒谎的问题的短文。作者同意现在多数专家的看法,认为4岁以下的儿童就会撒谎了(为了摆脱麻烦)。撒谎多的儿童往往意味着他们需要人们的帮助,因为他们可能有心理上的毛病,长大了后可能会成为小偷,等等。严厉的惩罚不一定就能克服撒谎的毛病,反而会增强这种毛病。所以,父母应该晓之以理,动之以情,以身作则,言传身教,这样才能使孩子克服撒谎的毛病。
文章不是很难理解,没有什么生僻的单词,问题也提得不是很刁钻,是一篇相对简单的短文。
81. [C] 细节题。问为什么前几年多数专家一直认为小孩子不会撒谎。第一段的第二句间接引用了Jean Piaget的话,是C的另一种说法。其余选项与本题无关。
82. [B] 细节题。最近的研究表明4岁一下的就会撒谎了,问他们这么做的缘故为何。答案可以在第一段中的第三句可以找到答案:to get out of trouble。其余选项显然不合题意。
83. [D] 细节题。问到8岁时孩子的撒谎就应以什么方式得到制止。A、B和C的答案都不完全,也有不合题意的。原文中提出一要让其明白撒谎的后果,二要让其知道撒谎是如何摧毁对一个人的信任的。
84. [D] 细节题。问严厉的惩罚对儿童的效果怎样。A、B和C都不符合原文的本意;只有D与原文中的may actually increase it相吻合,故D为正确答案。
85. [D] 细节推断题。问孩子撒谎的坏习惯可以通过什么方式有效地克服。A是通过武力,显然不行;B是通过诱导,没有提到;C更不合题意。只有D比较完美地回答了问题。答案可以在原文的最后两段里找出。倒数第二段的最后一句暗示要“以理服人”;最后一段的they must remain compassionate是“动之以情”,set a good example是“以身作则”。
Passage Six
这是一篇关于通过食物摄入胡萝卜素预防肺癌的作用的短文。短文指出,研究和跟踪调查表明,饮食习惯或模式与癌症有相关关系。实际上,在蔬菜中,有两种不同的维生素:维A醛和维A。前者主要是在肝和奶制品中而后者则是在多种蔬菜和水果中可以找到。研究表明摄入胡萝卜素与患癌症率低有较强的相关关系。对肺癌和胡萝卜素之间的关系的确定需要进一步的研究。
短文中有一定的医学术语出现,但不妨碍阅读理解,问题出得也不是很刁钻。对医学考生来说应该是个比较容易做的阅读理解题。
86. [A] 语义题。问malignancy()在下列单词中的同义词是哪个。原文中说lung cancer是所有恶性肿瘤中最大的杀手,由此可以推断应该是A(cancer),癌症就是一种肿瘤。
87. [C] 细节推断题。问维A醛在下列哪个食品中没有。维A醛能在肝制品和奶制品中找到,可以根据这个来推断C(苹果)为正确答案。
88. [D] 细节题推断题。问胡萝卜素在下列所有的食品中都能找到,除了在哪个以外。这道题的做法应该与72题的做法相同—排除法。胡萝卜素一般都在蔬菜和水果中可以找到,所有选项都是水果或蔬菜除了D(奶油)外,故D为正确答案。
89. [A] 问哪些人患肺癌的多。倒数第二段中说胡萝卜素摄入量最低的人患肺癌的最多,摄入胡萝卜素最多的人群中患肺癌的人最少(2个)。其余选项与原文相反。
90. [A] 细节题。问如要确立胡萝卜素与肺癌的关系,需要做什么。最后一段第一句即提供了很明确的答案:further study。
Part V. Writing
这篇短文的字数比较多,但结构比较明快。短文的主旨是说明什么是“亚健康”,其症状、原因各是什么等。全文可以分成三个部分:
1) 什么是“亚健康”?其症状都有哪些?
2) 其原因是什么?
3) 如何克服4) 这种状态?
总之,你需要从学医的角度来看问题。一般医学书上,专述某个病时的步骤都是定义、
描述症状、阐述病因、治疗。这篇文章也可以从这个角度来写。医学词汇的问题应该是比较简单的,“亚健康”这个说法是比较新的,实在不会根据你所学的构词法可以自己“造”一个出来,说不定还是对的。这不,sub-health就是这样的例子。
写作时,切忌“见木不见林”,要体现出层次感,结构要明快,这样可以向阅卷老师表明你的逻辑性很强,抓住了要点。
Tapescript for Listening Comprehension in Model Test 1
Section A
1. W: John, I hope you don’t mind my asking, but are you taking up painting?
M: Are you kidding? I’m just asking for my sister’s son. He’s really into it.
W: What can we conclude from this conversation? B)
2. M: Looks like I’ll have to take economics of developing countries over again. I really
couldn’t make heads or tails of it this time.
W: That’s too bad. Sarah says she took the same course last year, and she really enjoyed it.
M: What is the man’s problem? D)
3. W: Hi, Bill! What’s up? How did the math test go?
M: Well, I passed even though my calculator quit on me. So now I’m going to the bookstore to see how much they want for one of theirs.
M: What is Bill going to do? A)
4. M: I was so angered when the cab driver tried to overcharge me that I called the policeman.
W: That kind of thing seems to be happening quite frequently. I think you did the right thing.
M: Why was the man annoyed? B)
5. W: Now, Mr. Cross, don’t hesitate to help yourself to some more potatoes, vegetables or
roast beef.
M: It’s been a wonderful dinner, but if I eat another bite, I think I’ll burst.
W: What will the man do? C)
6. M: Do you know where I can find Dr. Gordon? I have been looking for her in the library, in her
office, and in the laboratory.
W: Goodness! She thought she had to meet you in the conference room.
M: Where could the man find Dr. Gordon? D)
7. W: Did Professor Miller agree to discuss the topic again with you?
M: Yes. Not only that, he offered to give me some books on the topic. That was more than I could ask for.
W: What does the man mean? A)
8. M: I don’t understand why this study book doesn’t provide an explanation of the answers.
W: But it does!
M: What does the woman say about the study book? D)
9. W: First Professor Hart made an excellent case for opposing nuclear power plants.
M: But in his next lecture, he made those favoring such plants sound just as reasonable.
W: What is probably Professor Hart’s own view on his subject? D)
10. M: I can’t remember the expiration date for these lab samples.
W: I think it’s the tenth, but I would not leave them until the last minute if I could hand in my results sooner.
M: What does the woman mean? D)
11. W: Mr. Smith, why don’t you consider Ms Fagan for the position of your secretary? She is a
real diligent worker who never complains about the hours.
M: Well, it sounds as if she really works her fingers to the bone. Why don’t you send her up to see me?
W: What impression does the man have about Ms Fagan? B)
12. M: I thought the art opening was a huge success.
W: Although it was in spite of the fact that the cheese and wine were very ill-suited.
M: How does the woman feel about the art opening? B)
13. W: You ought to write to Eleanor. She’s been sick and she does so like to get E-mails.
M: All right. I’ve been busy, but I shouldn’t have neglected her.
W: What do we learn about Eleanor? A)
14. M: Do you have a green pen I could borrow?
W: Where’s the one you bought last week?
M: What can we conclude about the man from this conversation? D)
15. W: Bill, are you still planning to buy that nice red sports car you looked at last week?
M: I’m afraid that’s impossible because I haven’t been able to come up with the cash, and someone else has already made a down payment on it.
W: What do we learn from this conversation? C)
Section B
Talk One
M: I’m looking for Mrs. O’Reilly’s office.
W: I’m Mrs. O’Reilly. Come right in.
M: I was at the Student Health Services yesterday. They told me that my blood pressure is too high.
W: Then I suppose you need a low-sodium diet to help bring your blood pressure down.
M: That’s right. The doctor told me to see the university nutritionist about it, so here I am. He gave me this note for you.
W: Let’s see. It says here that you can have up to three grams of sodium a day. One moment. Ah, here’s the one. This is a chart of the sodium content of different foods.
M: Oh, no. Good-bye to potato chips and snack-bar hamburgers!
W: Yes, and good-bye to processed foods in general. But you can have almost all fruits and vegetables with a few exceptions like spinach.
M: That part’s OK. I hate spinach. What worries me is—where do I eat? Do I have to eat at the university hospital while my friends eat in the dining-hall?
W: Not at all. I’ll just call the dining-hall manager. He handles all sorts of special menus—low calorie, low cholesterol, diabetic… He’ll see that you don’t go over your three grams.
M: What if I want to go to a restaurant?
W: Just use your chart and select your food carefully.
M: Thanks a lot. This won’t be nearly as bad as I thought it would be.
16. Who told the man to talk to Mrs. O’Reilly? D)
17. What does Mrs. O’Reilly give him? D)
18. Why does the man have to be careful about foods? B)
19. Where does the man usually eat? D)
20. How does the man feel at the end of the conversation? C)
Talk Two
Word comes from California of a new weapon in the war on household pests. Two scientists working for a firm in Anaheim, California, have developed a method to eliminate insects without using dangerous chemicals. The new poison? Hot air.
The basic idea is that insects cannot adjust to temperatures much above normal. In laboratory experiments, cockroaches and termites can’t survive much more than a quarter of an hour at 125 degrees Fahrenheit, or about 50 degrees Centigrade.
The new method involves covering a house with a huge tent and filling it with air heated to around 65 degrees Centigrade. Hot air is forced in with fans, and the tent keeps the heat inside the house. Since termites try to escape by hiding in wooden beams, the heat treatment must be continued for a full six hours, but when it’s all over, the insects are dead, there are no toxic residues to endanger humans or pets, and no funny smells. Scientists claim that there is no danger of fire, either, since very few household materials will burn at 65 degrees Centigrade. In fact, wood is prepared for construction use by drying it in ovens at 80 degrees Centigrade, which is substantially hotter than the air used in this procedure.
21. What is the talk mainly about? B)
22. According to the speaker, what makes the new system better than other treatments? B)
23. Why are the houses covered with tents? A)
24. Why does the speaker mention that construction wood is dried by heat? A)
25. What is the temperature of the heated air blown into the tent? C)
Talk Three
I’m sure you realize that your research papers are due in six weeks. I’ve looked at your proposed topics and made comments about them. The most frequent problem was proposing too broad a topic. Remember, this is only a fifteen-page paper.
As I return your topic papers, I’d like to look over the schedule which sketches out what we’ll do during the next two weeks. Today is Monday. By Friday, I want your preliminary outline. Please be sure to incorporate the suggestions I’ve made on your topics in your outlines. Next week I’ll have a conference with each of you. I’ve posted a schedule on my office door. Sign your name to indicate the time you’re available for an appointment. In the conference, we’ll discuss your preliminary outline, which is due two weeks from today. Use the outline style in your textbook and remember it should be no more than two pages long. Be sure to begin with a thesis statement, that is, with a precise statement of the point you intend to prove, and include a conclusion.
Have you got all that? Your two-page preliminary outlines are due at the end of this week and the final outlines are due after your conferences. Follow the textbook style and include a thesis statement and a conclusion.
26. What did the speaker probably do before this class? A)
27. What does the speaker mainly discuss? D)
28. When will conferences be held? B)
29. What is the purpose of the conference? C)
30. According to the speaker, how should the outline begin? A)