indignation
n.　愤怒，愤慨，义愤
A: I am having difficulty sleeping at night.
B: I hear that warm milk helps to induce sleep.
induce
vt.　１．引诱，劝；２．引起，导致
A: I have eaten so much.
B: But it is your birthday, you are allowed to indulge once a year!
indulge
vt.　１．使（自己）沉溺于，满足（自己的欲望等）；２．纵容，迁就
vi. (in)　沉溺，纵容自己，肆意从事
A: There was a feeling of inertia and inactivity when I entered the room.
B: That is because every one was sleeping!
inertia
vt.　１．不活动，惰性；２．惯性
A: Johannesburg in South Africa has an infamous reputation.
B: Yes, I have heard that there is very high crime rate.
infamous
a.　１．声名狼藉的，臭名昭著的；２．邪恶的，无耻的
A: The infantry fired several shots into the air.
B: I hope it was just as a warning to the enemy.
infantry
n.　［总称］步兵（部队）
A: Doctor, I have a terrible cough.
B: I’m afraid that you have a serious chest infection.
infection
n.　１．传染病；２．传染，传播，感染
A: Is my disease infectious, Doctor?
B: No, you can not pass it on to others, but you still need to be careful.
infectious
a.　１．传染的，有传染性的；２．有感染力的
A: Can you help me inflate this balloon?
B: I’m not sure if I have enough air in my lungs for that!
inflate
vt.　１．使充气，使膨胀；２．使得意，使骄傲；３．抬高（物价），使（通货）膨胀
A: Why are you a vegetarian?
B: I don’t want to inflict harm on animals.
inflict
vt. (on, upon)　把．．．强加给，使遭受，使承担
A: How can your camera take picture in the dark?
B: It has an infrared light to help it focus.
infrared
a.　红外线的
A: The roads and railways in my country are terrible.
B: Yes, the government needs to develop the infrastructure.
infrastructure
n.　基础结构，基础设施
A: I think I will take the day off work>
B: What an ingenious idea!
ingenious
a.　１．（物件等）设计独特的，（方法等）别致的，巧妙的；２．（人，头脑）灵巧的，关于创造发明的
A: Di VInchi was a painter and designer of great ingenuity.
B: Yes, he was certainly very talented.
ingenuity
n.　独创性，巧妙
A: I would love to inhabit a small tropical island.
B: Alone? Would you not get lonely?
inhabit
vt.　居住于，（动物）栖居于
A: Please inhale the sweet fragrance from the flowers.
B: Sorry, my nose is blocked.
inhale
v.　吸入（气体等），吸（烟）
A: There are certain facts inherent in the situation that I am unable to understand.
B: Perhaps you need to spend some more time thinking about it then.
inherent
a. (in)　内在的，固有的，生来就有的
A: I was inhibited form entering the building.
B: Why were there barriers in your way?
inhibit
vt.　阻止，妨碍，抑制
A: I’d like to initiate a new project.
B: Sounds exciting, what are your plans?
initiate
vt.　１．开始，创始，发起；２．使初步了解；３．接纳（新成员），让．．．加入
n.　新加入组织的人
A: I had to have the medicine injected directly into my veins.
B: Ouch! That sounds painful!
inject
vt.　１．注射（药液等），给．．．注射； ２．注入，引入，投入
A: Do you live by the coast?
B: No, I live inland, about five hours from the sea.
inland
a.　内地的，内陆的
ad.　 在内地（或内陆），向内地（或内陆）
A: let’s go for a picnic.
B: Good idea, I know a small inlet where we spend the afternoon.
inlet
n.　１．水湾，小湾；２．进口，入口
A: The prison inmates were protesting because of their living conditions.
B: Yes, the prisoners have a hard time.
inmate
n.　（狱中的）囚徒，（精神病院等中的）被收容者
A: You are such a good pianist, it must be innate.
B: No, the prisoners have a hard time.
innate
n.　天生的，固有的，天赋的
A: I’m going to an exhibition of modern innovations this afternoon.
B: Oh, can I come? I’m fascinated by new inventions.
innovation
n.　１．新方法，新事物；２．革新，创新
A: There are innumerable reasons why I can’t marry you.
B: Surely there can not be that many .
innumerable
a.　无数的，数不清的
A: I would love to sail around the world alone.
B: You must be insane.
insane
a.　１．蠢极的，荒唐的；２．（患）精神病的，精神失常的，疯狂的
A: Can you read the inscription in the book to me?
B: Sorry, I don’t have my glasses and the lettering it too small.
inscription
n.　铭文，碑文，题字
A: You are looking tired.
B: Yes, I am suffering from insomnia.
insomnia
n.　失眠（症）
A: You are an inspiration to me.
B: You are quite amazing also!
inspiration
n.　１．灵感；２．鼓舞人心的人（或事物）
A: Did you buy your car with cash?
B: No, I arranged that I will pay in monthly installments.
installment
n.　１．分期付款，分期交付；２．（分期连载的）部分
A: That medicine worked great.
B: Yes, it had instantaneous results.
instantaneous
a.　瞬间的，即刻的
A: What are the words to that song you were humming?
B: Oh, it was just an instrumental piece.
instrumental
a.　１．(in)起作用的，有帮助的；２．用乐器演奏的
A: My house is freezing in the winter.
B: Perhaps you need to insulate it better.
insulate
vt.　１．使绝缘，使隔热，使隔音；２．隔离，使隔绝（以免受到影响）
A: Did the parcel arrive intact?
B: Yes, there was no damage to it at all.
intact　
a.　完整无缺的，未经触动的，未受损伤的
A: What is the annual intake of students into your school each year?
B: Oh, about 100 pupils join each year.
intake
n.　１．吸入，纳入；２．进气口，入口
A: You played an integral part in the project, thanks for your help.
B: You are welcome, but I do not think that my assistance was that important.
integral
a.　构成整体所必需的，基本的
A: I admire your integrity.
B: Thanks, I think it is essential to stick to your principles.
integrity
n.　１．正直，诚实，诚恳；２．完整，完全，完善
A: My intellect is the most important aspect of my mind.
A: And you certainly use your well.
intellect
n.　１．智力，理解力；２．才智非凡的人
A: Mark always holds intelligible conversation.
B: Yes, he is very smart.
intelligible
a.　可理解的，明白易懂的，清楚的
A: We could intensify the light in the room by painting the walls white.
B: Or we could just add more lights.
intensify
v.　（使）增强，（使）加剧
A: I did not commit the crime with intent.
B: But that will be impossible to prove in court.
intent
n.　意图，意向，目的
a.　１．(on)专心的，转注的；２．(on)急切的
to all intents (and purposes)　几乎在一切方面，实际上
A: I need to interact with some new people.
B: Good , but how are you going to meet them?
interact
vi.　相互作用，相互影响
A: I think our post has been intercepted.
B: Why, were the letters open when they arrived?
intercept
vt.　拦截，截住，截击
A: The conference facilitated intercourse with many groups of people.
B: I hope that you had some interesting and productive conversations.
intercourse
n.　１．性交；２．交流，交往，交际
A: What do you study in college?
B: The interface between humans and computers
interface
n.　１．接口；２．界面，交接处
v.　互相作用（或影响，联系），互相配合工作
A: We have to submit an interim report by the end of the month.
B: And when will the official one have to be completed?
interim
a.　暂时的，临时的
n.　间歇，过度期间
in the interim　在其间
A: May I offer an interjection into the argument?
B: No, the debate must continue without disruption.
interjection
n.　１．感叹词；２．（突然的）插入
A: How was the weather on your holiday?
B: Apart form the intermittent rain, it was fine.
intermittent
a.　间歇的，断断续续的
A: Turn left at the next intersection.
B: I thought we have to turn right.
intersection
n.　１．横断，交叉；２．道路交叉口，交点
A: My parents are always arguing.
B: Is there anything you can do to intervene?
intervene
vi.　１干涉，干预；２．干扰，阻挠
A: I am planning an intervention into the affairs of my neighbours.
B: Why are you so interested in what they are doing ?
intervention
n.　介入，干涉，干预
A: Jane is always so outspoken.
B: But don’t be intimidated by her.
intimidate
vt.　恐吓，威胁
A: He was completely intoxicated after coming home from the pub last night.
B: Yes, I knew he had a lot to drink.
intoxicate
vt.　１．使喝醉；２．使陶醉，使欣喜若狂
A: The details in the painting are exceptionally intricate.
B: Yes, it must have taken a long time to complete.
intricate
a.　错综复杂的，复杂精细的
A: Did you enjoy the novel I lent you?
B: It was excellent, the plot was full of intrigue and mystery.
intrigue
vt.　激起．．．的好奇心（或兴趣），迷住
vi.　耍阴谋，施诡计
n.　阴谋，诡计，密谋
A: I found a piece of evidence that is intrinsic to our case.
B: Gosh, why did we not realize it sooner?
intrinsic
a.　固有的，本质的，内在的
A: I don’t mean to intrude, but can I join your conversation?
B: Don’t worry, you are not interrupting anything private.
intrude
vi.　侵入，侵扰，打扰
A: My intuition told me that he is bad news.
B: Yes, I never trusted him either.
intuition
n.　直觉
A: I am afraid this is the only piece of identification that I have.
B: But it is out of date which makes it invalid.
invalid
a.　１．（指法律上）无效的，作废的；２．无可靠根据的，站不住脚的
n.　（需要有人照顾的）病弱者，残疾者
A: Your help was invaluable to me, thanks.
B: Don’t mention it, it was my pleasure.
invaluable
a.　非常宝贵的，极为贵重的，无价的
A: Invariably the car broke down on the way to my exam.
B: Typical! What did you do?
invariably
ad.　不变地，始终如一地，总是
A: I would like to have an inventory of all the furniture in the house before I move in.
B: Certainly, that can be arranged.
inventory
n.　详细目录，存货清单
make inventory　清查存货，存货盘存；调查；评价
A: I can’t get the lid off this jar, Mum.
B: Try inverting it and then bang the jar on the floor.
invert
vt.　使倒转，使倒置，使颠倒
A: Ironically, I missed the plane even though I was at the airport two hours in advance.
B: I call that unlucky!
ironically
ad.　１．具有讽刺意味地；２．嘲讽地，挖苦地
A: Do you think Jack is a good comedian?
B: No, he relies too heavily on irony.
irony
n.　１．反语，冷嘲；２．具有讽刺意味的事，嘲弄
A: Irrespective of the weather, I think we should still go sailing.
B: But what if there is a thunder storm?
irrespective
a. (of)　不考虑的，不顾及的
A: Despite the dry weather, I am amazed at how many crops the farmers are growing.
B: That is because they have developed an extensive and efficient irrigation system.
irrigation
n.　灌溉
A: My little sister always irritates me.
B: Mine is also very annoying.
irritate
vt.　１．使恼怒，使烦躁；２．使（身体某部分）不适，使疼痛
A: Is Iran a Christian country?
B: No, it is Islamic.
Islamic
a.　伊斯兰教的，伊斯兰教信徒的
A: The isle where we camped was just one hour by boat off shore.
B: Were there any inhabitants on it?
isle
n.　小岛，岛
A: I’m itching to travel.
B: Perhaps you can go away following your studies.
itch
vi.　１．痒，发痒；２．渴望，热望
vt.　使发痒
　
A: Your necklace is very unusual.
B: That’s because it is made out of ivory.
ivory
n.　１．象牙；２．象牙色，乳白色
A: I need to cut back the ivy from my windows.
B: Yes, it tends to grow at a rapid rate.
ivy
n.　常春藤
J

A: I need to change the wheel of my car, I have a flat.
B: I’ll help, do you have a jack ?
jack
n. 千斤顶
vt. 1.用千斤顶顶起；2。停止，放弃；3。提高，增加
A: What type of stone is your ring?
B: It is jade , quite rare.
jade
n. 1。玉，翡翠；2。浅绿（色）
A: Did you understand the article I gave you?
B: No, there was too much jargon and terms that I had not seen before.
jargon
n. 术语，行话
A: I’m going to rent a jeep for the weekend and drive to the mountains.
B: Great idea, can I come?
jeep
n. 吉普车
A: No, I’m not going to cheat on the exam.
B: Good, there is no point in jeopardising your degree.
jeopardise
vt. 危机，损害
A: You nearly hit Andrew on the head.
B: Good thing that he jerked just in time to miss it.
jerk
vt. 使猝然一动，猛拉
vi. 猝然一动
n. 急推，急拉，急扭
A: What would you like for your birthday?
B: Some new jewellery would be nice, maybe a necklace.
jewellery
n. 珠宝，首饰
A: You’re so small you would make an excellent jockey .
B: Oh, I don’t like horse riding.
jockey
n. 1。骑师；2。[美俚]驾驶员，（机器等的）操作手
vi. (for) 谋取
vt. 劝说，诱使
A: I go for a short jog around the lake every night.
B: You must be very fit.
jog
v. / n. 1。慢跑；2。（尤指不正当地）轻轻碰撞
jog sb.’s memory 唤起某人的记忆
A: Mr. Smith has a jolly sense of humour,
B: Yes, I have always found him to be very pleasant.
jolly
a. 快乐的，高兴的，愉快的
ad. 很，非常
vt. 劝服，哄
A: Was the car damaged in the accident?
B: No, it just got a slight jolt . There was no damage done.
jolt
vt. 1。使颠簸，使摇晃；2。使震惊
vi. 颠簸，摇晃
n. 1。震动，摇动，颠簸；2。震惊
A: The judicial proceedings will take place after all the evidence has been collected.
B: How long do you think that will take?
judicial
a. 1。司法的，法庭的，审判的；2。明断的，公正的
A: Shall I pour the milk into a jug ?
B: Yes, if you can find a clean one!
jug
n. 1。大罐，壶；2。一大罐（壶）的容量
A: I’m trying to juggle two jobs at once.
B: That must be difficult, how do you manage?
juggle
v. 1。（用球等）玩杂耍；2。尽力应付，力图平衡；3。篡改（数字等）以图掩盖
A: There is a jumbo edition of the magazine out this week.
B: Are you sure you will have time to read it?
jumbo
a. 特大的，巨型的
n. 大型喷气式飞机
A: The traffic lights on the main junction are out this week.
B: Are you sure you will have time to read it ?
junction
n. 联结点，（道路等的）会合点，枢纽
A: What are you doing in your room?
B: I’m trying to clear it of all the junk I have collected over the years.
junk
n. 废旧物品，破烂
vt. 丢弃，废弃
A: What are you doing in this part of town?
B: Sir, it is my new jurisdiction .
jurisdiction
n. 1。司法权，审判权，裁判权；2。权力，管辖权； 3。权限，管辖范围
A: Sorry, Sir, my dog ate my homework.
B: That is not adequate justification for being late again.
justification
n. 正当的理由，借口
A: John was taken to the juvenile court for the hearing.
B: Oh, that is right he is only 14 and too young to be on trial in the central court.
juvenile
a. 1。少年的，少年特有的；2。幼稚的，不成熟的
n. 未成年人，少年
K

A: I dreamt I was kidnapped by a gang of thieves.
B: You were not dreaming!
kidnap
vt. 绑架，诱拐
A: Doctor, I have a severe pain in my lower back.
B: It may be your kidneys , let me check.
kidney
n. 肾，肾脏
A: Who is your next of kin ?
B: My father.
kin
n. [总称]亲属，家属
A: I’ve hurt myself, do you have a bandage?
B: Yeah, there is one in the first aid kit.
kit
n. 1。成套的工具，（适应特定需要的）成套用品
vt.(out) 装备
A: I just bought a new kitten , she is very cute.
B: She may be now, but she will soon grow up!
kitten
n. 小猫
A: You are my knight in shining armor.
B: Well, that makes you my princess.
knight
n. 1。（中世纪）骑士；2。爵士；3。（国际象棋中）马
vt. 封……为爵士
A: Did you make this blanket?
B: Yes, it took three weeks to knit .
knit
vt. 1。编结，编织；2。使紧密地结合，使紧凑；3。皱紧，皱（眉）
vi. 1。编织，编结；2。（骨折）愈合
A: The potatoes are best with a knob of butter.
B: Oh, but I don’t like potatoes or butter.
knob
n. 1。（门、抽屉的）球形把手，球形柄；2。（收音机等的）旋扭；3。小块
A: What happened to your knuckles ? They are bleeding.
B: Oh, I cycled in a wall and grazed them.
knuckle
n. 指节
vi. 1. (down) 开始努力工作；2.(under)屈服
Ｌ　
A: Be careful, your laces are undone.
B: Oh, I never learned how to tie them properly.
lace
n.　１．网眼花边，透空织品，花边；２．鞋带，系带
vt. (up)　用系带束紧
A: Sorry I’m late, my alarm did not go off on time.
B: That is a lame excuse, don’t let it happen again.
lame
a.　１．跛的，瘸的；２．站不住脚的，差劲的，蹩脚的
A: I am lamenting the loss of my dear friend.
B: Goodness, what happened to him?
lament
vt.　１．哀悼，痛惜；２．抱怨，为．．．而遗憾
vi.　哀悼，悲痛
n.　挽歌，悼词
A: I am going to the lake to float some lanterns .
B: It would be best to wait until it is dark.
lantern
n.　灯笼，提灯
A: I saw my father again after a lapse of twenty years.
B: That must have been an emotional meeting.
lapse
n.　１．失误，疏忽；２．（时间的）流逝，间隔；３．（兴趣等的）减少，（信心的）丧失；４．陷入（或进入）（某种状态）(into)
vi.　１．终止，失效；２．(into)陷入（或进入）．．．状态
A: Stop annoying your brother.
B: Don’t lash out at me, he was the one that started it.
lash
v.　１．（用绳索等）将（物品）系牢；２．鞭打，抽打，（风，雨等）猛烈打击；３．猛烈抨击，严厉斥责
n.　１．鞭子，鞭端绳索（或皮条）；２．鞭打；

３．眼睫毛；４．鞭梢
lash out (at)　猛烈抨击
A: I know you have the ability to do the task, it is latent within you.
B: But I am not so confident that it is there.
latent
a.　潜在的，隐伏的，不易察觉的
A: On what line of latitude is France?
B: Well, it will span several lines, but you should check in an atlas for the exact figures.
latitude
n. １．纬度；２．［pl.］纬度地区；３．（言语，行动等的）回旋余地，自由
A: Did you enjoy the wedding?
B: Indeed, it was a very lavish affair.
lavish
a.　１．过分丰富的，无节制的；２．过分慷慨的，浪费的
vt. (on,upon)　慷慨地给予，挥霍
A: Was our teacher also a priest?
B: No, he was just a layman .
layman
n.　门外汉，外行
A: There were a lot of layoffs recently in my town.
B: That will be hard on the families in the region, do you think they will be able to find new jobs?
layoff
n.　（尤指临时）解雇
A: Could you please give me some additional information about your organization?
B: Certainly, this leaflet has all the details that you will need.
leaflet
n.　传单，散页印刷品，小册子
v.　（向．．．）散发传单（或小册子）
A: Have you seen my shoes, Mum?
B: Yes, they are drying on the window ledge .
ledge
n.　１．岩架，岩石突出部；２．架状突出物，壁架
A: Mr. Smart had a full and an interesting life.
B: Yes, he indeed left a legacy .
legacy
n.　遗赠的财物，遗产
A: I am fascinated with ancient folk tales and legends .
B: Yes, there are some wonderful stories that survived the ages.
legend
n.　１．传说，传奇故事；２．传奇人物
A: This time, Sir, I have a legitimate excuse for being late, I was ill.
B: Do you have a doctor’s note to prove it?
legitimate
a.　１．合情合理的；２．合法的，法律认可的
vt.　使合法
A: Would you like a glass of lemonade ?
B: Oh, yes please, that sounds very refreshing.
lemonade
n.　１．柠檬水；２．汽水
A: Even though you have been naughty, I will be lenient just this one time.
B: Thanks, Mum, and I promise not to do it again.
lenient
a.　宽大的，仁慈的
A: Do you need anything from the shops?
B: Yes, I’d need to make a salad. Could you buy some lettuce please?
lettuce
n.　莴苣，生菜
A: I can’t open the window.
B: Here is a stick, use it as a lever to force it open.
lever
n.　１．杠，杠杆；２．途径，工具，手段
vt.　（用杠杆）撬动，撬起
A: My boss never gives much leverage , I don’t think I’ll be able to get the day off work.
B: Oh, at least try one last time.
leverage
n.　１．力量，影响，手段，优势；２．杠杆作用，杠杆的力量
A: The government has increased the levy on imports.
B: By what percentage?
levy
vt.　征收（税等）
n.　征税，税款
A: You are a liability around the house.
B: I’m not dangerous. I’m just energetic.
liability
n.　１．责任；２．［pl.］负债，债务；３．不利条件，起妨碍作用的人（或物）
A: Lilies are my favourite kind of flower.
B: Oh, mine too!
lily
n.　百合，百合花
A: I arrive to the ball by limousine .
B: Oh, I could not afford one, so I came by bus!
limousine
n.　轿车
A: Sarah has a very limp handshake.
B: Yes, I don’t think that she is confident in herself.
limp
a.　１．软弱的，无生气的，无精神的；２．软的，松沓的
vi.　一瘸一拐地走，蹒跚
n.　跛行
A: Have you done linear equations in math class yet?
B: No, I think we cover them next year.
linear
a.　１．线的，直线的，线状的；２．长度的；３．线性的
A: Is your shirt made from cotton or linen ?
B: I am not sure what kind of fabric it is.
linen
n. １．日用织品，亚麻织品；２．亚麻布
A: I worked on a cruise liner for three months.
B: Sounds exotic, but I’m sure that it was hard work!
liner
n.　１．大客轮；２．（化妆用）眼线膏，眼线笔，描唇笔；３．衬里
A: What would you like to do this morning?
B: Just linger in bed a while longer.
linger
vi.　１．（因不愿意离开而）继续逗留，留恋徘徊；２．(on)继续存留，缓慢消失
A: I had a problem learning how to speak correctly when I was a child.
B: Oh, I also had some linguistic problems.
linguistic
a.　语言的，语言学的
A: Is that lipstick on your collar?
B: No, it is just tomato sauce, trust me!
lipstick
n.　唇膏，口红
A: What do you do in your spare time?
B: I’m involved in a literacy project, teaching kids how to read.
literacy
n.　识字，有文化，读写能力
A: You should try to look beyond literal translations of the poem.
B: But it is too difficult for me.
literal
a.　１．照字面的，原义的；２．逐字的
A: You should not take everything that I say literally .
B: Well, you should be more direct.
literally
n.　１．逐字地，照原文，照字面地；２．确实地，真正地；３．简直
A: My grandmother was the only literate girl in her family.
B: She was lucky to get an education.
literate
a.　１．有读写能力的；２．有文化修养的
A: Please put your litter in the bin.
B: Oh, I can’t see one.
litter
n.　１．废弃物，被胡乱扔掉的东西；２．一窝（仔，崽）；３．（一堆）杂乱的东西
vt.　乱扔东西于
vi.　乱扔废弃物
A: The livestock on my farm are doing very well.
B: How many cows and sheep do you have in total?
livestock
n.　［总称］家畜，牲畜
A: Were you out in the sun?
B: Yes, I got burnt and I look like a lobster .
lobster
n.　龙虾
A: Are there any libraries in your locality ?
B: No, but there is one in the next town.
locality
n.　地区，地点
A: Oh no, I left my watch in the locker in the gym.
B: You better go back and get it.
locker
n.　（公共场所供个人使用的）寄物柜
A: I’m interested in early locomotive travel.
B: I have never really been interested in trains myself.
locomotive
n.　机车
A: You have very lofty ideals.
B: No, I just have high expectations of myself.
lofty
a.　１．高傲的，傲慢的；２．崇高的，高尚的；３．高耸的，极高的
A: My family has never enjoyed longevity .
B: But you are lucky, you are already 91!
longevity
n.　１．长寿；２．寿命
A: What line of longitude are the Falkland Islands located on?
B: Not sure, you better check a map.
longitude
n.　经度
A: My grandmother made all her clothing on a loom .
B: Did she teach you how to use it?
loom
n.　织布机
vi.　１．阴森地逼近，隐现，赫然耸现；２．即将来临
A: What did you do with the stolen loot ?
B: I hid the money in a secret location.
loot
n.　赃物，战利品，掠夺物
v.　抢劫，劫掠，掠夺
A: My skin is too dry, it must be because of the hot weather.
B: Here is some lotion , rub it on to help.
lotion
n.　洗液，洗济，护肤液
A: Whether I win or lose is a lottery .
B: Are you sure there is nothing you can do to increase your chances of winning?
lottery
n.　１．抽彩给奖法；２．碰运气的事，难于算计的事
A: This is an unusual dish, what is the main ingredient?
B: It is made from lotus leaves.
lotus
n.　莲，莲花
A: They will announce the match results over the loudspeaker .
B: We had better pay more attention then.
loudspeaker
n. 扬声器，喇叭
A: Did you see my scarf, Dad?
B: Yes, it is the lounge , near the TV.
lounge
n.　休息厅，休息室
vi.　１．（懒洋洋地）倚，（懒散地）躺；２．闲逛，闲荡
A: The brakes on my bike are not working.
B: Perhaps you need to lubricate them.
lubricate
vt.　使润滑
A: I just landed a new lucrative job.
B: Great, would you like to share some of your hard earned cash with me?
lucrative
a.　赚钱的，可获利的
A: I had to close my shop. Business had lulled .
B: That is such a shame.
lull
vt.　１．使安静，使入睡；２．缓和，减轻，哄骗
n.　暂时的平息（或平静）
A: I will have to lumber a clearing in the forest.
B: Oh, are you sure it is necessary to cut down the trees?
lumber
vi.　笨拙地移动，缓慢吃力地移动
vt.　拖累，使陷入困境
n.　１．（堆放着的）家用废旧杂物；２．木材，不料，锯制板
A: The room was luminous with the light.
B: It must have looked beautiful, especially in the evening.
luminous
a.　发光的，发亮的，光明的
A: I’d like to make a lunar landing some day.
B: I’d also love to visit the moon.
lunar
a.　月的，月球的
A: Why did you move to the city?
B: I was lured by the bright lights.
lure
vt.　吸引，引诱，诱惑
n.　１．吸引力，诱惑物；２．诱饵，鱼饵
A: You have a strong lust for power.
B: Yes, I consider myself ambitious.
lust
n.　１．（强烈的）性欲，淫欲
vi. (after, for)　对．．．有强烈的欲望
A: Shakespeare wrote exceptional lyric poetry.
B: I agree, his work is amazing, Jack.
lyric
a.　抒情的
n.　［常pl.］歌词

M

A: Has the case been closed yet?
B: No, the magistrate still needs to decide the outcome.
magistrate
n.　地方行政官，地方法官，治安官
A: I am unable to read the small print in the book.
B: It seems you need to magnify it.
magnify
vt.　１．放大，扩大；２．夸大，夸张
A: That was a terrible storm.
B: Indeed, but it is too early to determine the magnitude of the damage.
magnitude
n.　１．重要性，重大；２．巨大，广大
A: A young fair maiden like you shouldn’t be single.
B: That is because I am a young fair independent maiden.
maiden
n.　少女，年轻姑娘，未婚女子
a.　首次的，初次的
A: You look majestic sitting on that high chair.
B: Yes, I am pretending to be the king!
majestic
a.　雄伟的，壮丽的，庄严的，高贵的
A: Please cook me dinner now.
B: Yes, your majesty, I’m at your service.
majesty
n.　 １．［Ｍ－］陛下（对帝王，王后的尊称）；２．雄伟，壮丽，庄严
A: Doctor, I traveled to Africa and I think I caught malaria.
B: Did you take any medicine as a precaution?
malaria
n.　 疟疾
A: I hate you!
B: Why are you so full of malice?
malice
n.　恶意，怨恨
A: I’m afraid that the test results have come back and your lump is malignant.
B: That means it’s serious, doesn’t it, doctor?
malignant
a.　１．恶性的，致命的；２．恶意的，恶毒的
A: I’m going shopping in the mall this afternoon, want to join me?
B: No, thanks, I have plans already.
mall
n.　（由许多商店组成的）medkaoyan.commedkaoyan.commedkaoyan.commedkaoyan.com中心
A: That child looks very unhealthy.
B: Yes, he does not have enough to eat. He is suffering from malnutrition.
malnutrition
n.　营养不良
A: What distinguishes mammals from other animals, teacher?
B: Mammals feed their young on milk.
mammal
n. 哺乳动物
A: I was able to park the car in one single maneuver.
B: Well done, you have improved.
maneuver
n. 1．谨慎而熟练的动作；２．策略，花招；３．［pl.］演习
vt.　１．设法使变动位置；２．（敏捷或巧妙地）操纵，控制
vi.　１．设法变动位置；２．用策略，耍花招
A: Are you telling me you saw a ghost?
B: Yes, it manifested itself on me during the night.
manifest
a.　明显的，显然的，明了的
vt.　１．显示，表明，证明；２．使显现，使显露
A: I’m not able to untie this knot.
B: If you manipulate the knot a bit more you may be able to open it.
manipulate
vt.　１．操纵，控制，影响；２．（熟练地）操作，使用
A: I just bought the new house.
B: That is too big to be a house. It is a mansion.
mansion
n.　大厦，（豪华的）宅邸
A: I discovered an ancient manuscript.
B: Are you going to donate it to the library?
manuscript
n.　１．手稿，原稿，底稿；２．手写本
A: What type of tree is that?
B: I think it is a maple
maple
n.　槭树，枫树，槭木
A: I really dislike Stephanie.
B: Don’t try to mar me with your negative impressions of her before I even meet her.
mar
vt.　破坏，毁坏
A: I’m getting a new fireplace installed.
B: Is it the marble one you had your eye on?
marble
n.　１．大理石；２．（用玻璃、石头等制成的）弹子；３．［pl.］弹子游戏
A: The mare is expecting her foal in three weeks.
B: Oh! I thought a mare was a male horse, silly me!
mare
n.　母马，母驴
A: Did you do well in the exam, Sir?
B: Yes, you only made some marginal errors.
marginal
a.　１．微小的，少量的，不重要的；２．仅以微弱多数票获胜的；３．记（或引）在页边的，有旁注的
A: Have you ever smoked marijuana?
B: No, I have never tried drugs.
marijuana
n.　大麻，大麻烟
A: What is your marital status?
B: I am married.
marital
a.　婚姻的，夫妻的
A: I’m going to visit the maritime museum this afternoon.
B: I assume that it is the one by the sea.
maritime
a.　１．海的，海事的，航海的；２．近海的，海的
A: It rained so much. My garden is like a marsh.
B: Don’t worry, it will dry out soon.
marsh
n.　沼泽，湿地
A: I was a marshal in the army for 11 years.
B: Gosh, that is a high rank, you must have worked hard to get there.
marshal
n.　１．元帅，最高指挥官；２．（某些群众活动的）总指挥，司仪；３．（美国的）执法官，警察局长，消防队长
vt.　整理，排列，集结
A: I read that the ancient Romans were martial people.
B: I’m not sure if they were inclined to war.
martial
a.　战争的，军事的，武术的
A: The sunset is amazing.
B: Yes, I am sitting here marveling at it right now.
marvel
vi. (at)　惊叹，赞佩
vt.　对．．．感到惊异
n.　令人惊异（或不可思议）的事，奇迹
A: That girl looks particularly masculine.
B: Maybe it is because she lifts weights.
masculine
a.　１．男性的，男子的；２．男子气的
A: Shall I mash your potatoes?
B: No, thanks, I like them whole.
mash
vt. (up)　把．．．捣成糊状
n.　糊状物
A: The soldiers massacred each other with gunfire during the war.
B: Do you know how many people were killed?
massacre
vt.　１．大规模屠杀，残杀；２．彻底击败
n.　１．大屠杀，残杀；２．（比赛等）残败
A: I had a wonderful body massage last night.
B: Was it painful?
massage
n.　按摩，推拿
vt.　给．．．按摩
A: What flag is that hoisted on the mast?
B: It is the national flag. Don’t you recognize it?
mast
n.　１．船桅，桅杆，旗杆；２．天线杆
A: Your book is a masterpiece, well done.
B: Thanks, I hope that the publishers think so , too.
masterpiece
n.　杰作
A: I would love to have a baby soon.
A: That sounds like your maternal instincts talking!
maternal
a.　１．母亲的，母亲般的；２．母系的，母方的
A: Did you put your money in the bank?
B: No, I hid it under the mattress.
mattress
n.　褥垫，床垫
A: I love walking in the meadows in spring.
B: Me too, the fields are best at that time of year.
meadow
n.　草地
A: My brothers are having a serious argument.
B: Are you going to mediate in the hope of solving it?
mediate
vi. (in, between)　调解，周旋
vt.　１．经调解解决；２．经周旋促成
A: I visited several medieval castles while in France.
B: So that means they date from the Middle Ages, correct?
medieval
a.　中世纪的，中古（时代）的
A: I try to practice meditation at least once a day.
B: Oh, I can never sit still for long periods.
meditation
n.　１．默想，默念；２．沉思，冥想，沉思录
A: Why are you looking so melancholy, Rory?
B: I just lost my job.
melancholy
a.　忧郁的，使人忧郁的，悲伤的
n.　忧郁，悲伤
A: The atmosphere at the party was exceptionally mellow.
B: Yes, all the guests were very relaxed.
mellow
a.　１．（颜色或声音）柔和的；２（水果）熟透的，甘美多汁的，（酒）芳醇的；３．成熟的，老练的，稳健的；４．高兴的，微醉的
v.　１．（使）变得柔和；２．（使）成熟；３．（使）变得香醇
A: Sing along to this melody.
B: I would, but I haven’t a note in my head.
melody
n.　１．旋律，曲调；２．悦耳的音乐
A: Would you like to try some melon?
B: I’d love to, is it sweet?
melon
n.　瓜，甜瓜
A: Does Kelly know where to meet us?
B: Yeah, I left a memo for her.
memo
n.　备忘录
A: You have had such an interesting life, you should write your memoirs.
B: I’ve already started them.
memoir
n.　１．［pl.］回忆录，自传；２．记事录
A: Do we have to memorise the whole poem, Sir?
B: No, only the first two verses.
memorise
v.　记住，熟记
A: Get out from the kitchen, you are such a menace.
B: Sorry, I was only trying to help.
menace
n.　１．具有危险性的人（或物）；２．威胁，威吓
vt.　威胁，威吓
A: I do not understand Robin’s mentality.
B: Yeah, she has some strange ideas sometimes.
mentality
n.　心态，思想方法
A: All of the merchandise in the shop is half price today.
B: Oh, let’s go in!
merchandise
n.　［总称］商品，货物
vt.　买卖，经营
A: Be careful, there is mercury in the thermometer.
B: Don’t worry, I will be careful.
mercury
n.　１，水银，汞；２［Ｍ－］［罗神］墨丘利
A: I think our ideas are beginning to merge.
B: I think that is because we have spent so much time together.
merge
v.　（使）结合，（使）合并，（使）合为一体
A: Can you bring this note to your Mum?
B: No, I am not your messenger.
messenger
n.　送信人，信使
A: This car is a little more expensive because of the metallic paint.
B: I think it is worth is though.
metallic
a.　１．金属的，金属制的；２．有金属特性的，像金属的
A: Now, please pick out the main metaphors in the poem.
B: Can you give us a clue, teacher?
metaphor
n.　１．隐喻；２．象征
A: You are very methodical.
B: I just like to be organized.
methodical
a.　１．有条理的，井然的；２．办事有条不紊的

A: You were meticulous about the details of our trip.
B: I just wanted everything to go smoothly.
meticulous
a.　极其仔细的，一丝不苟的
A: Shall we take the bus?
B: No, the metro will be quicker.
metro.
n.　地铁
A: Did you report the crime?
B: Yeah, straight away to the metropolitan police.
metropolitan
a.　大城市的，大都会的
A: You are a great violinist.
B: I agree, I think we have a star in our midst.
midst
n.　中部，中间，当中
in the midst of 　１．在．．．之中；２．正当．．．的时候
A: I am making a film about migrant workers in the city.
B: That will be so interesting. I can’t wait to see it when it is finished.
migrant
n.　１．移居者，移民；２．候鸟，迁移动物
A: These birds migrate south in the winter every year?
B: I’d like to go to warmer places also!
migrate
vi.　１．（候鸟等）迁徙，移栖；２．移居（尤指移居国外），迁移
A: Even though this car is old, the mileage is not very high.
B: I shall buy it so.
mileage
n.　１．里程，英里数；２．好处，利润
A: A militant　 group of reformers attempted to overthrow the government.
B: Were they successful?
militant
　a.　激进的，好斗的
n.　激进分子，斗士
A: I want to be a millionaire 　some day.
B: Well, you will either have to win the Lottery or work very hard.
millionaire
　n.　百万富翁，大富翁
A: The flavours in this soup have mingled　 well.
B: Yes, it is delicious.
mingle
　vt.　使混合，使相混
vi.　１．相交往，相往来；２．混合起来，相混合
A: I bought a miniature 　house for my doll.
B: And when you are old enough you will be able to buy a normal sized one!
miniature
　a.　小型的，微小的
n.　１．微小的模型，缩影；２．微型画，微型人物像
in miniature　　小规模，小型
A: We will rent a minibus 　to take us to the match.
B: Are you sure we won’t all fit in a car?
minibus　
n.　小型公共汽车
A: Margaret, you always do the minimal　 amount of work.
B: Sorry, I will try harder from now on.
minimal
　a.　最小的，最低限度的
A: Shall I turn the computer off?
B: No just minimize　 the current screen.
minimize
　vt.　１．使减少（或缩小）到最低限度；２．极力贬低，对．．．做最低估计
A: Would you like a mint　?
B: No thanks, I have just brushed my teeth.
mint
　n.　１．薄荷；２．铸币厂
vt.　１．铸造（硬币）；２．创造（词，词组等）
A: I’m surprised to see you so soon after your accident.
B: Yes, the doctors said I made a miraculous　 recovery.
miraculous
　a.　奇迹般的，不可思议的
A: I hope you are not up to mischief　 in there, Son.
B: No Dad, I’m only playing a video game.
mischief
　n.　１．恶作剧，胡闹，捣蛋；２．淘气，顽皮；３．损害，伤害，危害
A: My grandfather encountered a lot of misery 　during his lifetime.
B: Yes, I am glad that I was not born back them.
misery
　n.　１．痛苦，苦恼，苦难；２．悲惨的境遇，贫苦
A: It rained heavily on my wedding day.
B: Oh, what a misfortune　!
misfortune
　n.　１．不幸，厄运，逆境；２．不幸事故，灾难，灾祸
A: Aside from some slight misgivings　, I think Mrs. Jones should have the job.
B: Actually I think she is perfect for it.
misgiving
　n.　疑虑，担忧，害怕
A: I was educated in South Africa by some missionaries　.
B: Oh, what country were they from?
missionary　
n.　传教士
A: I think David has a mistress　.
B: No, he is happily married.
mistress
　n.　１．情妇；２．主妇，女主人
A: But I don’t want to do the washing up.
B: The sooner you stop moaning　, the quicker it will get done.
moan
　vi.　１．呻吟，呜咽；２．(about)抱怨，发牢骚
vt.　抱怨
n.　１．呻吟声，呜咽声；２．怨声，牢骚
A: I was attacked by an angry mob 　on my way home.
B: How terrible, were you hurt?
mob　
n.　暴民，乌合之众
vt.　成群围住，聚众袭击
A: How are we going to mobilize　 the masses?
B: It is certainly difficult to get them going, but we shall manage.
mobilize
　vt.　１．动员；２．调动，鼓动起
vi.　动员起来
A: How did he recover so quickly?
B: He mock　 his illness in the first place.
mock
　vt.　１．嘲笑，嘲弄；２．（为了取笑）模仿
vi.　嘲笑，嘲弄
a.　１．模拟的，演习的；２．假的，假装的
A: I have only two more modules　 to complete and then I have my degree.
B: Congratulations!
module
　n. １．组件，模块，模件；２．（航天器的）舱
A: On this momentous　 occasion I would like to thank all those who supported my cause.
B: There is no need to thank us.
momentous
　a.　重大的，重要的
A: Are you in favour of the monarchy　?
B: No, I don’t support the king or the queen.
monarchy
　n.　１．君主制，君主政体；２．君主国
A: How do I get to your house?
B: Pass the monastery　 on the other side of the town and my house is the first on the right.
monastery
　n.　修道院，寺院
A: What do you think of the new monetary　 union in Europe?
B: Oh, I think that it will be good for trade.
monetary
　a.　钱的，货币的，金融的
A: I met a monk　 on my travels.
B: Oh, did you visit a monastery?
monk　
n.　修道士，僧侣
A: The play was excellent.
B: I agree, especially the long monologue 　performed by the main actress.
monologue
　n.　１．（别人简直无法插嘴的）滔滔不绝的话；２．（戏剧，电影等中的）独白
A: Mr. Dalton has somewhat of a monopoly　 in the town.
B: Yes, he owns of the shops and restaurants.
monopoly
　n.　１．垄断，专卖；２．垄断物，垄断商品，专卖商品；３．独占，完全控制
A: Do you enjoy your work?
B: No, it is monotonous　.
monotonous
　a.　单调无聊的，毫无变化的
A: There are monsters　 under my bed, Mum.
B: Don’t be silly, how would they fit?
monster　
n.　１．怪物；２．极其残酷的人；３．巨人，巨兽，巨大的东西
a.　巨大的，庞大的
A: I split some water on the carpet
B: Don’t worry, I’ll mop　 it up later.
mop
　n.　１．拖把；２．蓬乱的头发
v.　１．用拖把拖洗；２．擦干
mop　 up　１．（用布等）擦去；２．扫荡，肃清；３．完成，结束
A: The film was uplifting.
B: Yes, it was good for my morale　.
morale
　n.　士气，斗志
A: Do you think you have a strict set of principles?
B: Yes, I think I have a strong sense of morality　.
morality
　n.　１．道德，（行为等的）道德性；２．德行，品行
A: Be careful, that is dangerous.
B: Oh, we are all mortals　 and have to die at some stage or another.
mortal
　a.　１．终有一死的；２．致命的；３．你死我活的，不共戴天的
n.　人
A: Did you buy your house with cash?
B: Not at all, I had to take out a huge mortgage　.
mortgage
　n.　抵押，抵押借款
vt.　抵押
A: The drains are not working.
B: They must be filled with moss　 again, I will clear them.
moss
　n.　藓类植物，苔藓
A: Shall we stay in a hotel?
B: No, let’s save money and stay in a motel　.
motel.
　n.　汽车旅馆
A: There is a hole in your sweatshirt.
B: Oh, it was eaten by moths　.
moth
　n.　蛾
A: Do you drive a car?
B: No, but I can ride a motorcycle　.
motorcycle
　n.　摩托车
A: What was the motto 　of your school?
B: I’m not sure if it had one.
motto
　n.　箴言，格言，座右铭
A: The castle was built on the top of the mound 　overlooking the village.
B: I assume they did that for protection.
mound
　n.　１．土墩，沙土堆；２．（一）堆，（一）垛
A: It has been a long time since your father passed away.
B: Yes, but I’m still in mourning.
mourn
v. １．哀悼；２．（对．．．）感到痛心（或遗憾）
A: Have you ever grown a beard?
B: No, but I did have a moustache　 once.
moustache
　n.　八字须
A: The grass is getting long.
B: Well, it is about time that you mowed　 it then.
mow
　v.　割（草）
mow　 down　大量杀伤，扫杀，摧毁
A: Don’t come into the house with muddy　 shoes.
B: OK, I’ll take them off now.
muddy
　a.　１．泥泞的，沾满烂泥的；２．（光，色泽）灰暗的，暗淡的；３．模糊的，糊涂的
vt.　１．使沾上烂泥；２．使（形势，争端等）显得扑朔迷离
A: You are as slow as a mule　.
B: You are no spring chicken yourself.
mule
　n.　１．骡子；２．［pl.］拖鞋；３．十分固执的人
A: Are you planning to feed the multitudes　 with this meal?
B: Yes, I cook rather a lot.
multitude
　n.　１．大量，许多；２．［the ~］大众，民众
a multitude / multitudes　 of　许多，大量
A: Did you hear what Mandy said?
B: No, she was mumbling　.
mumble
　v.　含糊地说（话），咕哝
n.　咕哝，含糊的话（或声音）
A: I am going to see an exhibition in the municipal 　gallery tomorrow.
B: Oh, can I join you?
municipal　
a.　市的，市政的
A: The room was so silent you could hear a pin drop.
B: You mean there was not even a murmur　.
murmur
　v. / n.　１．小声说（话）；２．小声抱怨，咕哝；３．（微风，流水等）发出连续而低沉的声音
A: You are looking incredibly muscular　.
B: Oh, thanks, I have been going to the gym five times a week.
muscular
　a.　１．肌肉发达的，强壮的；２．（有关）肌肉的
A: Do you follow any particular religion?
B: Yes, I am a Muslim　.
Muslin
　n.　穆斯林
a.　穆斯林的，伊斯兰教信徒的
A: Would you like any sauce on your sandwich?
B: Do you have any mustard?
mustard
n.　１．芥末；２．芥菜
A: After witnessing the accident my brother was mute　 for three years.
B: And why did he start to speak again?
mute　
a.　１．缄默的，无声的；２．哑的，不会说话的；３．（字母）不发音的
vt.　消除（声音），减轻（声音）
A: He muttered　 the answer into my ear but I still was unable to hear him.
B: You should have asked him to repeat it more clearly.
mutter
　v. / n.　轻声低语，小声抱怨
A: Is this chicken or beef?
B: Neither, it is mutton　.
mutton
　n.　羊肉
A: My dog bit a young child once.
B: Is that why he now wears a muzzle　?
muzzle　
n.　１．（四足动物的）鼻口部；２．（防止动物咬人的）口套；３．枪口，炮口
vt.　１．使缄默，钳制．．．言论；２．给（狗等）戴口套
A: There are myriad　 reasons why I should not go on holidays now.
B: But there is one reason why you should, me!
myriad
　a.　无数的
n.　无数，极大数量
A: My neighbour claims that she is a mystic　.
B: Do you think that she actually has magical powers?
mystic
　n.　神秘主义者
a.　１．神秘的，玄妙的；２．神秘主义（者）的
A: The moon looks mystical 　tonight.
B: Perhaps that is because it is a full moon on a clear night.
mystical
　见 mystic
　
A: I want to study ancient mythology　.
B: What interests you in particular about the stories?
mythology
　n.　神话，神话学
Ｎ　

A: He has a very naive attitude towards works.
B: Yeah, he thinks that money grows on trees.
naive
a.　１．幼稚的，轻信的；２．天真的
A: I’m feeling a bit tired.
B: Why don’t you have a quick nap?
nap
n. / vi　（尤指在白天）小睡，打盹
catch sb napping　１．发现某人在打瞌睡；２．使措手不及
A: Here is a napkin is case you spill your drink.
B: Oops, too late!
napkin
n.　餐巾
A: Did you enjoy the novel you just completed?
B: Yes, very much, the narrative was exceptional.
narrative
n.　１．叙述文，故事；２．叙述，讲述
A: That is a nasty cold that you have.
B: Oh, it is getting better, you should have seen me last week!
nasty
a.　１．令人讨厌的，令人厌恶的；２．难弄的，困难的；３．严重的，恶劣的，险恶的；４．下流的，道德败坏的
A: My son is so naughty.
B: Don’t worry, he will grow up soon.
naughty
a.　１．顽皮的，淘气的；２．猥亵的
A: The rain necessitated that the concert was held indoors.
B: Oh, I did not realize that it had rained.
necessitate
vt.　使成为必要，需要
A: Have you seen my new necklace?
B: Yes, just below your chin, you are wearing it!
necklace
n.　项链
A: The school was found guilty of negligence.
B: Was it closed down as a result?
negligence
n.　疏忽，粗心大意
A: Did you make any progress in learning French this month?
B: Negligible, I did not work hard enough.
negligible
a. 可忽略不计的，微不足道的
A: Where is your apartment?
B: Right beside the shop with the bright neon sign.
neon
n.　１．氖；２．氖灯，霓虹灯
A: What would you like to do when you leave school?
B: I’d love to be a newscaster on TV?
newscaster
n.　新闻播音员
A: They will be showing a recent newsreel just before the film in the cinema.
B: Oh good, I have not seen the news for a long time.
newsreel
n. 新闻影片
A: Mum, can I have my pocket money please?
B: I haven’t even a nickel to give you this week.
nickel
n. １．镍；２．（美国和加拿大的）五分镍币，五分钱
A: Do you have a nickname, Steven?
B: Well, my father calls me “pest”, if that counts!
nickname
n.　绰号
vt.　给．．．起绰号
A: Keith’s teeth are badly stained with nicotine.
B: Yes, he smokes a lot.
nicotine
n.　尼古丁
A: What was the score in the football match?
B: One- nil, to our team.
nil
n.　无，零
A: Did the committee do good work?
B: No, it was only nominal, I think the members met only once.
nominal
a.　１．名义上的，有名无实的；２．（费用等）很少的，象征性的；３．名词性的
A: I am going to nominate you to be the president of our organization.
B: Oh, thanks, I didn’t realize you thought so highly of me.
nominate
vt.　提名，任命
A: Even though Peter hurt his foot he nonetheless won the race.
B: Yeah, he has always been a determined athlete.
nonetheless
ad.　尽管如此，依然，然而
A: What usually happens at the end of one of these meetings?
B: I’m not sure what the norm is.
norm
n.　１．标准，规范；２．［常pl.］准则
A: I spent the afternoon looking at old photos.
B: That must have made you nostalgic.
nostalgic
a. 怀旧的，引起对往事怀恋的
A: Why are dragons said to have large nostrils?
B: So that they can blow fire through them.
nostril
n.　鼻孔
A: Mr. Hardy made a notable presentation at the conference.
B: Well, tell me the details then.
notable
a.　值得注意的，显著的，著名的
n.　名人，要人
A: Did you play this piece at the concert?
B: No, I was unable to read the musical notation. It wasn’t printed clearly.
notation
n.　１．记号，标记法；２．注释，记录
A: I am notorious for my bad spelling.
B: Yes, your teacher did mention it to me once.
notorious
a.　臭名昭著的，声名狼藉的
A: Notwithstanding the weather, we had a great day out.
B: Yeah, it is best not to let the rain spoil our plans.
notwithstanding
prep. / ad. 尽管
A: What are you doing?
B: I am reading a book to nourish my mind.
nourish
vt.　１．养育，喂养，滋养；２．怀有（希望等），增强（希望等）
A: My daughter sleeps with her new shoes on.
B: Don’t worry, the novelty will wear off soon.
novelty
n.　１．新奇事物；２．新奇，新奇感，新奇性；３．新颖小巧而廉价的物品
A: What did you think of the nude painting in the gallery?
B: I thought it was a masterpiece.
nude
a.　裸体的
n.　裸体画，裸体雕像
A: What is the numerical value you would attach to happiness?
B: That is an impossible thing to give a figure to .
numerical
a.　数字的，用数字表示，数值的
A: My aunt wants to become a nun.
B: She must be very religious.
nun　
n.　修女，尼姑
A: My plants just died.
B: That is because you didn’t nurture them. Plants are like children!
nurture
vt. / n.　养育，培育，滋养
A: I love all types of fruit.
B: Excellent, and they are so rich in nutrients.
nutrient
n. 营养品，滋养物
a.　营养的，滋养的
A: The young child looked very unwell.
B: Yes, I think he was lacking nutrition.
nutrition
n.　营养

O

A: What type of tree is that?
B: I think it is an oak tree. It is certainly large enough to be one.
oak
n. １．栎树，橡树；２．栎木，橡木
A: Oh no, I’ve dropped an oar .
B: We will have to swim to the shore now.
oar
n.　桨，橹
A: Please tell me the big secret.
B: Sorry, I took an oath and swore that I wouldn't.
oath
n.　１．誓言，誓约；咒骂，诅咒语
on / under oath　 在法庭上宣过誓
A: My pupils are so obedient , they always do their home work.
B: You are lucky, mine are terrible.
obedient
a.　服从的，顺从的
A: Robert told an obscene joke last night.
B: Is it too rude to repeat to me?
obscene
a.　１．淫秽的，下流的；２．可憎的，可恶的
A: Did you understand the theatre performance?
B: No, it was too obscure for me.
obscure
a.　１．不著名的，不重要的；２．费解的，模糊不清的；３．隐藏的，偏僻的
vt.　使变模糊，掩盖
A: You are always playing video games.
B: I know. I have an obsession.
obsession
n.　困扰，无法摆脱的思想（或情感）
A: Excuse me, but your car is obstructing the entrance to my home.
B: Oh, I’ll move it right away.
obstruct
vt.　１．阻塞，堵塞；２．阻碍，阻止，妨碍

A: Can I move into the apartment today?
B: No, you can have occupancy next week.
occupancy
n.　占有，使用，居住
A: What is that terrible odour ?
B: Oh, sorry, it must be my socks.
odour
n.　气味
A: Beverley looked stunning at the party.
B: Yes, her outfit was offset by her jewelry.
offset
vt.　补偿，抵消
A: Do you have any offspring ?
B: Yes, I have three daughters.
offspring
n.　１．子女，子孙，后代；２．（动物的）崽
A: Do you like olives ?
B: Yes, especially black ones in salad.
olive
n.　橄榄，橄榄树
A: Is that glass clear?
B: No, it is opaque , that is why you are having difficulty seeing through it.
opaque
a.　１．不透明的，不透光的；２．难理解的，晦涩的
A: Women in the old days were frequently oppressed by their husbands.
B: I am glad that times are changing.
oppress
vt.　１．压迫，压制；２．使（心情等）沉重，使烦恼
A: You would like the blue car?
B: No, I think I’ll opt for the red one.
opt
vt. (for)　选择，挑选
A: The weather will be wonderful tomorrow.
B: You are always filled with optimism .
optimism
n.　乐观，乐观主义
A: I study at my optimum between eight and ten in the morning.
B: Oh, I work best in the evenings.
optimum
a.　最合适的，最优的，最佳的
A: Where did you get the apples?
B: I picked them in the orchard down the road.
orchard
n.　果园
A: I was in a serious car accident last year.
B: That must have been a terrible ordeal .
ordeal
n.　苦难经理，折磨，煎熬
A: I love studying science.
B: I orient more towards the Arts.
orient
vt.　１．使适应，使熟悉情况（或环境等）；２．（to ,toward）使朝向，以．．．为方向（目标）
n.　东方，亚洲（尤指远东），东半球
A: Oriental cuisine is my favourite.
B: Yes, I also love Chinese food.
oriental
a. 东方的，东方人的，东方文化的
A: I was unable to find my orientation in the city.
B: You should have carried a map with you.
orientation
n.　１．方向，目标，方位；２．熟悉情况，适应，情况介绍
A: From where does the guitar originate ?
B: Well, there are many types of guitar, so probably many countries.
originate
vi. (in,from,with)　起源于，来自，产生
vt.　创造，创始，开创
A: That is a beautiful ornament beside the TV.
B: Thanks, it was a gift from a friend.
ornament
n.　１．装饰品，点缀品；２．装饰，点缀
vt.　装饰，点缀，美化
A: I was an orphan until the age of seven.
B: Goodness, do you know what happened to your parents?
orphan
n.　孤儿
vt.　使成为孤儿
A: You look very unusual today.
B: Yes, I was tired with the orthodox.
orthodox
a.　１．传统的；２．正统的，正宗的
A: I was ousted from the number one position.
B: But you will have a chance to win it back, don’t worry.
oust
vt.　１．驱逐；２．罢免，把．．．撤职（以取而代之）
A: There was an outbreak of skin disease in my town.
B: Oh, did you contract it?
outbreak
n.　（战争、情感、火山等的）爆发，（疾病，虫害等的）突然发生
A: That is a beautiful outfit you are wearing.
B: Thanks , I got it specially made for this occasion.
outfit
n.　１．（用于某种场合的）全套服装；２．（协同工作的）一组人；３．全套装备，全套工具
A: Let’s go on an outing .
B: OK, where would you like to go?
outing
n.　远足，郊游，短途旅行，外出参观（或看戏等）
A: I saw a film about outlaw in the Wild West.
B: Oh, I hate those types of movies.
outlaw
n. 歹徒，亡命之徒
vt.　宣布．．．为不合法
A: There will be outrage if I am home late again.
B: Don’t worry, they won’t get angry.
outrage
n.　１．义愤，愤慨；２．暴行，骇人听闻的事件
vt.　激起．．．的义愤，激怒
A: Who won the match?
B: There was no outright winner. It was a draw.
outright
ad.　１．坦率地，直率地，无保留地；２．完全地，彻底地；３．立即，当场
a.　１．清楚的，无疑的，明白无误的；２．完全的，彻底的
A: Do you live in the centre of the town?
B: No, just on the outskirts .
outskirts
n.　外围地区，郊区，郊外
A: My library books are five days overdue .
B: Oh, will you have to pay a fine?
overdue
a.　１．过期的，到期未付的；２．早该有的，迟到的，延误的
A: The bath is overflowing !
B: Oh no, I forgot that I had one running.
overflow
vt.　１．满得外溢，外流，泛滥；２．(with)充满，洋溢　
vt.　淹没，从．．．中溢出，多得使无法容纳
n.　１．容纳不下的物（或人）；２．溢出，满出；３．溢流口，溢流管
A: Excuse me. I couldn’t help but overhear , but I think I am the person you are looking for.
B: What a coincidence!
overhear
vt.　无意中听到，偷听到
A: It is a shame that our holidays don’t overlap .
B: Indeed, I would love to go on holidays with you.
overlap
v.　１．（与．．．）部分重叠；２．（与．．．）部分相同
n.　重叠，重叠的部分
A: Did you make it to the other side of the mountain?
B: No, the overpass was blocked.
overpass
n.　天桥，立交桥
A: My comment overrides my previous statement.
B: You are always changing your mind.
override
vt.　１．不顾，不理睬，否决；２．压倒，优先于
A: His dislike for me was overt .
B: Oh, he did not make it that obvious.
overt
a.　公开的，不隐蔽的
A: I am planning to overthrow the government.
B: That is a big plan. you will need help.
overthrow
vt.　１．推翻，打倒；２．使终止，屏弃
n.　倾覆，终止，结束
A: Our car overturned when it hit the tree.
B: Was anyone injured?
overturn
vt.　１．使翻转，使倾覆，使倒下；２．颠覆，推翻
vi.　倾覆，翻转，翻倒
A: Were you surprised by the gift?
B: Yes, I was completely overwhelmed .
overwhelm
vt.　１．（感情上）使受不了，使不知所措；２．征服，制服
A: I have an overwhelming need to sleep right now.
B: Well, what is keeping you from having a rest?
overwhelming
a.　１，势不可挡的，压倒的；２．巨大的
A: What is that bird?
B: I think it is an owl .
owl.
n.　猫头鹰
A: Is water a type of oxide ?
B: Yes, as it contains oxygen.
oxide
n.　氧化物
A: Do you enjoy eating oysters ?
B: I have never tasted them.
oyster
n.　牡蛎
A: Did you hear that the hole in the ozone is increasing in size?
B: Yes, it is a shame.
ozone
n.　臭氧
P
A: You don’t seem to be arguing with your brother anymore.
B: No, we made a pact not to argue anymore.
pact
n.　契约，协定，条约
A: Shall we go canoeing on the river?
B: We could, but I’ve lost the paddle.
paddle
n.　１．短桨，桨；２．涉水
vi.　１．划桨前进，荡桨；２．涉水
vt.　１．用桨（划）船；２．用木板打
A: I’m looking for some information about your organization.
B: All the details that you will need are contained in this short pamphlet.
pamphlet
n.　小册子
A: Did you see the pandas at the zoo?
B: Yes, but they were sleeping.
panda
n.　熊猫
A: I’ve been having hunger pangs.
B: Why don’t you buy something to eat then?
pang
n.　一阵（剧痛，悲痛等）
A: Do you have a good view from your window?
B: Yes, the panorama of the mountains is wonderful.
panorama
n.　１．全景；２．概括，综述，概观
A: Why are you panting?
B: I just ran up the stairs.
pant
vi.　１．喘，气喘；２．(for)渴望
vt.　气喘吁吁地说
n.　气喘，喘息
A: Did you read Mr. Doyle’s new novel?
B: Not yet, I’m going to wait until it comes out in paperback.
paperback
n.　平装本，简装本
A: I’ve jumped out of a plane twice.
B: I assume that you were wearing a parachute.
parachute
n.　降落伞
vi.　跳伞
vt.　伞投，空投

A: I lived on a tropical island for one year.
B: It must have been paradise.
paradise
n.　天，乐园
A: Peter is a paradox to me.
B: Yes, I find his actions very confusing also.
paradox
n.　１．似乎矛盾而（可能）正确的说法；２．自相矛盾的人（或事物）
A: Paul was paralysed form the waist down.
B: Oh, how terrible! Was he in an accident?
paralyse
vt.　１．使瘫痪，使麻痹；２．使丧失作用；３．使惊愕，使呆若木鸡
A: I can’t understand these math equations.
B: OK, I will help. Firstly, what are the parameters?
parameter
n.　１．［常pl.］界限，范围；２．参数
A: I have to borrow more money from my parents.
B: Do you feel like a parasite?
parasite
n.　１．寄生生物；２．寄生虫
A: We are having afternoon tea in the parlour if you would like to join us.
B: Yes, that would be splendid.
parlour
n.　１．（出售某些商品或提供某种服务的）店，馆，院；２．客厅室
A: Stop repeating everything that I say.
B: I am pretending to be a parrot!
parrot
n.　鹦鹉
A: As a participant in the project, you will be required to attend the sessions twice a week.
B: No problem, but are there any other requirements?
participant
n.　参加者，参与者
A: Are you a member of a political party?
B: No, I do not get involved in partisan politics.
partisan
a.　党派的，派性的，偏袒的
n.　１．党徒，忠实的追随者；２．（敌后）游击队员
A: I thought this room was bigger.
B: Oh, we put up a partition last week.
partition
n.　１．分隔物，隔墙；２．分割，划分
vt.　隔开，分割，瓜分
A: I am entering into a new business partnership.
B: Oh, with whom?
partnership
n.　合伙（关系），合伙经营（的企业），合伙人身份
A: I am passionate about reading.
B: Yes, I always see you with your head in a book.
passionate
a.　１．多情的；２．充满激情的，激昂的；３．热切的，强烈的
A: What is your favourite pastime?
B: Well, I really enjoy swimming.
pastime
n.　消遣，娱乐
A: This apple pie is delicious.
B: I agree, I think it must be the pastry.
pastry
n.　油酥面团，酥皮糕点
A: How many cows do you have on your pasture?
B: Oh, I am not a dairy farmer.
pasture
n.　牧草地，牧场
vt.　放牧
A: I have come up with a new invention.
B: You better patent it quickly, in case someone steals your idea.
patent
n.　专利，专利权
a.　（有关）专利（权）的，受专利保护的
vt.　得到．．．的专利权
A: I got a pathetic result in the exam.
B: But at least you still passed.
pathetic
a.　１．差劲的，令人生厌的；２．引起怜悯的，可怜的，可悲的
A: Do you celebrate your national day each year?
B: No, I’m not a patriot.
patriot
n.　爱国者，爱国主义者
A: I always feel so patriotic when my country is playing an international match.
B: Yes, it is strange what football can do!
patriotic
a.　爱国的，有爱国心的，显示爱国精神的
A: Patrols are requested to keep noise to a minimum after 10pm.
B: Isn’t that a bit early for a hotel?
patrol
v.　（在．．．）巡逻，巡查
n.　１．巡逻，巡查；２．巡逻兵，巡逻队
A: Please do not patronize me.
B: I wasn’t , I was trying to compliment you.
patronize
vt.　１．以高人一等的态度对待；２．经常光顾，惠顾；３．赞助
A: I am getting my driveway paved tomorrow.
B: That must be expensive.
pave
vt.　铺（路），铺筑
pave the way (for)　（为．．．）铺平道路，（为．．．）做准备
A: How many people do you have on your payroll?
B: Well, I employ twenty people in total.
payroll
n.　１．工资表，在职人员名单；２．工薪总额
A: Would you like a peanut?
B: No thanks, do you have any fruit instead?
peanut
n.　１．花生；２．［pl.］很少的钱
A: Your necklace is beautiful.
B: Thanks, it is made from pearls.
pearl
n.　１．珍珠；２．珠状物；３．珍品
A: Oh, I have to stop walking, I have a pebble in my shoe.
B: That must be uncomfortable.
pebble
n.　卵石，小圆石
A: Did he give you a kiss?
B: Well, just a peck on the cheek.
peck
vt.　１．啄；２．匆匆轻啄
vi.　啄食；２．(at)小口地吃
n.　１．啄；２．匆匆的一吻；３．(谷物等的干量单位)配克
A: Sorry, I’m late, I lost pedal on my bike.
B: Oh, don’t worry. Were you still able to cycle here?
pedal
n.　踏板，踏脚
vi.　踩踏车，骑车
vt.　脚蹬，踩一的踏板
A: This street is perfect for pedestrians.
B: Yes, cars are only allowed access in the late evening.
pedestrian
n.　步行者，行人
A: Could you peel my orange for me? I hate doing it!
B: Certainly, it would be my pleasure.
peel
vt.　削．．．的皮，剥．．．的壳
vi.　剥落，脱皮
n.　（水果等的）皮，外皮
peel off 　剥掉，脱去
A: There is someone peeping through the curtains.
B: Quick, close them!
peep
vi.　１．窥视，偷看；２．隐现，慢慢露出
n. １．窥视；２．（汽车喇叭的）嘟嘟声；３．（鼠，小鸟等的）吱吱声
A: Did you hang the clothes on the washing line?
B: Not all of them, I ran out of pegs.
peg
n.　１．小钉，栓，挂物钉；２．桩
vt.　１．用钉子钉，用钉（或桩等）固定；２．限定（价格，工资等）；３．将．．．看成，将．．．归入；４．投（球）等
peg away at　坚持不懈地做
A: If you are late again I will have to penalize.
B: Oh, please don’t punish me.
penalize
vt.　１．使处于不利地位，不公平地对待；２．罚款
A: Are you busy at the moment?
B: Yes, very, I have five jobs pending.
pending
prep.　直到，在等待．．．期间
a.　１．未决的，未定的，待定的；２．即将发生的，迫近的
A: The old clock has stopped working.
B: Oh, the pendulum sometimes gets stuck.
pendulum
n.　１．摆，钟摆；２．摇摆不定的事态（或局面）
A: I am wearing only black and white. I look like a penguin.
B: Don’t be silly, I think you look beautiful.
penguin
n.　企鹅
A: Is your new house by the coast?
B: Yes, it is on the peninsula, just by the beach.
peninsula
n.　半岛
A: The bird has not moved from its perch all day.
B: It must be very tried!
perch
n.　１．（鸟类的）栖息处，栖枝，栖木；２．高处，较高的位置；３．鲈鱼
v.　１．（鸟）飞落，暂栖，停留；２．（在较高处或物体边缘）坐着
vt.　把．．．置于较高或危险处
A: You did your homework to perfection, well done.
B: Thanks, I worked for a long time on it.
perfection
n.　完美，完善
to perfection　完美地，尽善尽美地，完全地
A: You smell beautifully.
B: Thanks, it must be my new perfume.
perfume
n.　香水，香料，香气
vt.　１．使充满芳香；２．洒香水于
A: You enter the car race at your own peril.
B: Don’t worry, I will be careful.
peril
n.　１．极大危险；２．［常pl.］危险的事（或环境）
at one’s peril　（尤用于告诫某人勿做某事）自担风险
A: Do you know the chemical symbol of gold?
B: No, you better check the periodic table.
periodic
a.　周期的，定期的，时而发生的
A: I have an article published in a new periodical.
B: Oh, what is the name of the journal?
periodical
n.　期刊
a.　周期的，定期的，时而发生的
A: John nearly perished on the mountain.
B: Who came to his rescue?
perish
vi.　１．丧生，毁灭，消亡；２．（橡胶，皮革等）失去弹性，老化
A: You always dress according to the latest fashion trends.
B: Well, trends permeate quickly these days.
permeate
v.　１．弥漫，遍布，散布；２．渗入，渗透
A: Is smoking permissible in this restaurant?
B: I’m not sure, you better check with the waiter.
permissible
a.　可允许的，许可的
A: I have a perpetual headache.
B: You better go to see a doctor about that. It does not sound healthy.
perpetual
a.　１．永久的，永恒的，长期的；２．无休止的，没完没了的
A: Did you understand the lecture?
B: No, I was perplexed, it was too complicated for me.
perplex
vt.　使困惑，使费解，使复杂化
A: Too many people have been persecuted because of war.
B: I agree, but unfortunately they continue to be so.
persecute
vt.　１．迫害，虐待；２．纠缠，骚扰
A: Don’t give up now, you are nearly there.
B: I intend to persevere.
persevere
vi.　坚持不懈，锲而不舍
A: Every week Simon asks me out on a date.
B: Gosh, he is very persistent.
persistent
a.　１．坚持不懈的，执意的；２．持续的
A: Do you follow any religion?
B: I’m of no particular persuasion .
persuasion
n.　１．说服（力），劝说；２．信念，信仰
A: Has the case been closed yet?
B: No, we are waiting for the documents pertaining to the case to arrive.
pertain
vi. (to)　从属，有关
A: Was the information that I gave you of any use?
B: Yes, it was pertinent , thank you.
pertinent
a.　有关系的，相关的
A: Do you like dogs?
B: No, I think they are pests .
pest
n.　１．有害生物，害虫；２．讨厌的人
A: Stop pestering me!
B: Sorry, I did not realize that you were busy.
pester
vt.　不断打扰，纠缠
A: As a farmer, I do not believe in using pesticides .
B: That is a wise decision, but it must give you a lot of extra work.
pesticide
n.　沙虫剂，农药
A: Look at the colour of those petals .
B: Oh yes, the flowers are beautiful.
petal
n.　花瓣
A: Will you please sign my petition ?
B: It depends what it is about.
petition
n.　请愿书，申请书，诉状
v.　（向．．．）请愿，正式请求
A: There has been an increase of petty crime in my region.
B: Oh, I heard about the car thefts.
petty
a.　１．小的，琐碎的，不重要的；２．气量小的，心胸狭窄的
A: Where can I get some medicine for my cold?
B: In the pharmacy , there is one around the corner.
pharmacy
n.　１．药房，药店；２．药剂学，配药
A: Doctor, I am feeling very ill.
B: Well, tell me your physiological symptoms.
physiological
a.　生理的，生理学的

A: The post office workers are on strike .
B: Did they set up a picket outside the post office?
picket
n.　１．（罢工时的）纠察队，纠察队员；２．警戒队，警戒哨
vt.　１．在．．．设置纠察线；２．派．．．担任纠察，布置（警卫）警戒
vi.　担任纠察（或警戒哨）
A: The view is exceptionally picturesque .
B: I agree, it is very beautiful.
picturesque
a.　１．美丽如画的；２．（语言）生动的，绘声绘色的
A: You were gone so long I thought you had fallen off the end of the pier .
B: No, I just stood and watched the boats leave the harbour.
pier
n.　（伸入水域的）码头，突堤
A: You say your prayers with great piety .
B: I’m quite devoted to my religion.
piety .
n.　虔诚，虔敬
A: This is a holy site.
B: How many pilgrims does it receive each year?
pilgrim
n.　１．朝圣者；２．（在国外的）旅行者，漫游者
A: What is your favourite type of fruit?
B: I think it must be fresh pineapple .
pineapple
n.　凤梨，菠萝
A: Can you pinpoint the exact location of the building?
B: I’ll have to loot at a map.
pinpoint
vt.　１．准确描述，确定，确认；２．准确地确定．．．的位置
n.　针尖，尖端
a.　十分精确的
A: What are you coming as to the fancy dress party?
B: A pirate , and you can be my parrot if you wish.
pirate
n.　１．非法盗印（或复制）者，侵犯版权者；２．海盗
vt.　１．以海盗方式抢劫，抢掠；２．盗用，非法盗印（或复制）
A: Do you know how the victim was killed?
B: He was shot with a pistol .
pistol
n.　手枪
A: The engine has stopped working.
B: Oh, the pistons must have seized.
piston
n.　活塞
A: I stayed up too late last night and I am now exhausted.
B: Well, that is one of the major pitfalls of staying up late!
pitfall
n.　１．隐患，易犯的错误；２．陷阱，圈套
A: What was your favourite thing about your visit to Italy?
B: The pizza , it was fantastic.
pizza
n.　意大利馅饼，比萨饼
A: We are studying about the great plague in history class.
B: Isn’t that also called “The Black Death”?
plague
n.　１．瘟疫，鼠疫；２．灾难，祸患
vt.　使痛苦（或难受），给．．．造成困难（或麻烦）
A: Emma is as thick as two planks .
B: Don’t be so cruel, I think she is quite intelligent actually.
plank
n.　１．厚木板（条）；２．政纲条目，政策要点
A: Was there much damage to your house during the storm?
B: No, just the plaster on the wall was cracked.
plaster
n.　１．灰浆，灰泥；２．石膏；３．橡皮膏，膏药
vt.　１．在．．．上抹灰泥，厚厚地涂抹；２．粘贴于，张贴于，贴满
A: Even though we are at a high altitude, I do not feel it.
B: That is because we are on a plateau , it can be deceptive.
plateau
n.　１．高原；２．（上升厚的）稳定时期（或状态）
A: This time, please me a plausible excuse for being late.
B: Well Sir, I still don’t think that you will believe me.
plausible
a.似有道理的，似乎正确的，貌似可信的
A: We are sending out a plea for donations to our charity.
B: Oh, I will respond to that.
plea
n.1.恳求，请求
2.抗辩，答辩，辩护
3.借口，托辞
A: Mum, please, please can I stay up late tonight.
B: Despite how much you plead , the answer is still “No”.
plead
vi.1.恳求，请求
2.申诉，答辩，辩护
vt.1.为……辩护
2.提出……为理由（或借口）
A: He suffered a terrible plight during the war.
B: Yes, his story was horrific.
plight
n.困境，苦境
A: Could you please pluck the feathers off the chicken?
B: Oh, I hate that job, can someone else do it?
pluck
vt.1.拔，摘，采
2.拔除……的毛
3.弹，拨，弹奏
vi.(at)拉，拽，拉扯
n.勇气，胆量，决心
A: These plums are delicious.
B: Yeah, we’ve had a great crop this year.
plum
n.李子，梅子
a.待遇好的
A: The taps in the bathroom seem to be stuck again.
B: Oh, the plumber just fixed them last week.
plumber
n.管子工，水暖工
A: The plume on parrots is usually very colourful.
B: Yes, I particularly like the ones with red feathers.
plume
n.1.（升上空中的）一缕（烟、尘土等）
2.羽毛，羽饰
A: Look at that plump little puppy.
B: Oh, he is so cute!
plump
a.丰满的，胖乎乎的
vi.1.(down)扑通倒（或坐）下，蓦地摔下
2.(for)选定
vt.1.使扑通倒（或坐）下，蓦地摔下
2.(up)轻轻拍打使（枕头等）变得鼓起来
A: Many houses were plundered during the war.
B: Yes, law and order were broken down.
plunder
vt.劫掠……的财物，掠夺
n.1.劫掠物，赃物
2.劫掠，抢夺
A: That is a nasty cough that you have.
B: I think it may be pneumonia .
pneumonia
n.肺炎
A: The film was very poignant . It showed the horrors of war.
B: I’m not sure if I’ll be strong enough to watch it.
poignant
a.令人痛苦的，辛酸的，惨痛的
A: Did Linda give a good presentation at the conference?
B: Yes, she was full of poise and confidence.
poise
n.1.稳重，镇定
2.（优美）姿势，姿态
3.平衡，平稳
vt.使平衡，使平稳，平稳地拿
A: Stop poking me in the sides.
B: I was just trying to make you laugh!
poke
vt.1.戳，捅
2.用……戳（或捅），把……戳向
3.伸出，突出
vi.伸出，突出
n.戳，捅
poke about/around
搜索，探问
poke fun at
拿……开玩笑，取笑
poke one's nose into
探问，干预
A: The weather is so cold it is almost polar .
B: Oh, it is not that bad!
polar
a.1.地极的，近地极的
2.磁极的
3.正好相反的，截然对立的
A: Is your shirt make from cotton?
B: No, the fabric is man-made, it is polyester
polyester
n.聚脂（纤维），涤纶
A: Wake up and pay attention!
B: Oh, I was not sleeping, I was just pondering on your comments.
ponder
v.思索，考虑，沉思
A: I got a pony for my birthday.
B: Lucky you! Can I also learn how to ride it?
pony
n.矮种马，小马
A: Do we have any popcorn ?
B: No, you’ll just have to watch the movie without it.
popcorn
n.爆玉米花，炒苞米
A: The Pope came to visit my country last year.
B: He must have drawn a large crowd.
pope
n.[常the P_]（天主教）教皇，罗马主教
A: Is that vase made from porcelain ?
B: No, it is glass.
porcelain
n.瓷，瓷器
A: Where did you put my umbrella?
B: In the porch to dry.
porch
n.门廊
A: I had a cold shower to unblock my pores .
B: Yes, I have heard that cold water is good for the skin.
pore
n.毛孔，细孔
vi.(over)仔细阅读，审视
A: What do you think this painting is trying to portray ?
B: I’m not sure, let me have another look.
portray
vt.1.描写，描绘
2.扮演，饰演
A: Did you read the postscript on the letter?
B: No, I must not have read that far.
postscript
n.1.（信末签名后的）附言，又及
2.（正文后的）补充说明
A: You have excellent posture .
B: Thanks, I used to be a dancer.
posture
n.1.姿势，姿态
2.看法，态度
vi.摆出（不自然的）姿势，装模作样
A: You recovered from your illness quickly.
B: Yes, I took some potent medicine.
potent
a.1.（药等）效力大的，威力大的
2.强有力的，有说服力的
A: I made this cup and bowl!
B: Oh, did you take a pottery class?
pottery
n.1.陶器，陶瓷器皿
2.陶器制造（术）
3.陶器厂
A: How many chickens do you have on your poultry farm.
B: Too many to count!
poultry
n.家禽，禽肉
A: Do you think we can overcome the problem?
B: Well, we must look for a practicable solution first.
practicable
a.可行的，适用的
A: How long have you been a doctor?
B: I have been a practitioner for five years.
practitioner
n.开业者（尤指医师、律师等）
A: Do you have prairies in your country?
B: No, only large fields.
prairie
n.（尤指北美的）大草原
A: Does this dish have meat in it?
B: Well, there are some prawns , do you eat fish?
prawn
n.对虾，明虾
A: Please don’t peach to me.
B: I wasn’t, I was just sharing my opinion.
preach
vt.1.宣讲（教义），布（道）
2.竭力鼓吹，宣传
vi.布道，说教
A: That cliff looks precarious .
B: Yes, so don’t go near it.
precarious
a.1.不安全的，充满危险的
2.不牢靠的，不稳固的
A: Drinks will precede the main meal.
B: So where shall we gather first?
precede
vt.在……之前，先于
A: The case was historic.
B: Why, did it set a precedent ?
precedent
n.1.先例，范例，判例
2.惯例
A: Did Mr. Smith win the election?
B: No, he precipitated his downfall long ago.
precipitate
vt.1.（突如其来地）使发生，促成
2.使沉淀，使沉析
n.沉淀物
a.突如其来的
A: Did the case reach a conclusion?
B: No, the lack of firm evidence precluded a final decision.
preclude
vt.阻止，排除，妨碍
A: Did you meet your predecessors before entering this company?
B: No, they left before I arrived.
predecessor
n.1.前任，前辈
2.（被取代的）原有事物，前身
A: You rarely agree with the majority.
B: Just because ideas are predominant , it does not make them right.
predominant
a.1.占主导地位的，显著的
2.（在数量等方面）占优势的，占绝大多数的
A: What is the prefix to your local telephone number?
B: I’m not sure, you better check the phone book.
prefix
n.1.前缀
2.（人名前的）称谓
vi.1.加……作为前缀
2.把……置于前面
A: What aspect of healthcare does your research focus on?
B: Early pregnancy and female attitudes towards childbirth.
pregnancy
n.怀孕，怀孕期
A: I was a smaller than average child when I was born.
B: Why, were you premature ?
premature
a.1.比预期（或正常）时间早的
2.（做法等）不成熟的，仓促的
A: Who is the Premier in your country?
B: Oh, I can’t remember her name offhand.
premier
n.总理，首相
a.首要的，首位的，首次的
A: I’ve rented the premises for two years.
B: Do you think you will move away before then?
premise
n.1.[pl.]（企业、机构等使用的）房屋和地基，经营场址
2.前提，假设
A: Do you own a car?
B: No, I can’t afford the insurance premium .
premium
n.1.（投保人向保险公司支付的）保险金
2.额外费用，加付款
3.奖品，赠品，额外津贴
a.1.高级的，优质的
2.售价高的
at a premium
1.奇缺的，难得的
2.以超过一般的价格，以高价
put/place a premium on
高度评价，重视
A: Did you notice the beautiful sunset last night?
B: No, I was preoccupied with other matters.
preoccupy
vt.使全神贯注，使入神
A: I can get the medicines I need over the counter?
B: No, you will have to go to a doctor for a prescription .
prescription
n.1.规定，规定性的东西（如条例、指示、命令等）
2.处方，药方，（医生开的）药
3.解救方法，诀窍
A: Who will preside over the meeting?
B: Probably the president of the organization.
preside
vi.(at,over)主持，主管
A: I studied at the top university in my country.
B: That must bring a lot of prestige .
prestige
n.威信，威望
A: You can presume I will be late for the meeting.
B: I will, you are always late
presume
vt.1.推测，假定，（没有证据地）相信
2.冒昧（做），擅（做）
3.认定，推定
vi.擅自行事
presume on
（不正当地）利用
A: Do you get along well with David?
B: No, he is far too pretentious and is always promoting himself.
pretentious
a.自命不凡的，自负的，炫耀的
A: I left school under the pretext that I had been offered a good job.
B: And do you now think it was a wise decision?
pretext
n.借口，托词
A: The prevalent ideas are always the most popular.
B: That is why they are the prevalent idea, silly!
prevalent
a.流行的，普遍的
A: I think I have seen the film that you mentioned.
B: You can’t have. It has not even been previewed yet.
preview
n.1.（电影、戏剧等的）预映，预演，预先审查（或检查）
2.（电影等的）预告（片）
A: That is a huge bird.
B: Yes, it must be some type of bird of prey , perhaps an eagle.
prey
n.1.被捕食的动物，捕获物
2.受害者
v.1.(on)捕食
2.折磨，使烦恼
fall prey to
成为……的牺牲品，深受……之害
A: You are bleeding!
B: Oh, it is not serious, I just pricked my thumb on a needle.
prick
vt.1.刺，扎，戳
2.刺痕，刺痛
3.使内心极度痛苦
vi.引起（或感到）刺痛
n.1.刺，扎，戳
2.刺痛
3.刺痕，刺孔
prick up one's ears
（使）竖起耳朵注意听，（使）立刻注意起来
A: Do you like sharing a room with your sister?
B: No, I would prefer my own privacy .
privacy
n.1.（不受干扰的）个人自由
2.隐私，私生活，私事
A: What is the probability of rain today?
B: Well, considering that it rains almost everyday here, I think the chances are quite high.
probability
n.1.可能性，可能发生的事
2.概率
in all probability
十有八九，很可能
A: Was Gerard released from prison yet?
B: Yes, but just on probation at first.
probation
n.1.缓刑（期），（以观后效的）察看
2.试用（期），试读（期）
A: Stop probing into my affairs, they are personal.
B: Sorry, I was just curious.
probe
v.1.探索，查究，调查
2.用探针（或探测器等）探查，探测
n.1.探针，探测器
2.探索，调查
A: Did you follow the proceeding of the case on the news?
B: Yes, and it was a fascinating trial.
proceedings
n.1.进程，过程，议程
2.诉讼，诉讼程序
3.会议录，公报
A: He proclaimed that he was the most famous man on the earth.
B: People must have thought he was mad!
proclaim
vt.1.宣告，宣布，声明
2.显示
A: Irene started playing the piano then she was just two.
B: She must have been a prodigy .
prodigy
n.奇才，天才（尤指神童）
A: Did you have a productive day?
B: Yes, I did lots of work that I did not think I would get done.
productive
a.1.多产的，富饶的
2.富有成效的
A: We have doubled the productivity of the factory in two years.
B: Wow, you all must have worked very hard.
productivity
n.生产力，生产率
A: I must profess my satisfaction with your work.
B: I am glad that you are pleased with my efforts.
profess
vt.1.表示，承认
2.宣称信仰
A: What level of proficiency have you reached in French?
B: Oh, I am just a beginner.
proficiency
n.熟练，精通
A: I have to close sown my business.
B: Why, I thought it was profitable .
profitable
a.有利可图的，有益的
A: That was a profound book.
B: Yes, it made me think a great deal about the issues being discussed.
profound
a.1.深度的，深切的，深远的
2.知识渊博的，见解深刻的
3.深奥的
A: His ideas proliferated rapidly through the country.
B: Yes, he got a lot of help from the national press and media.
proliferate
vi.激增，扩散，（迅速）繁殖，增生
A: I am developing a new drug to help prolong life.
B: I know a drug already, it is called exercise!
prolong
vt.延长，拉长，拖延
A: You have a very promising career ahead of you.
B: And I have you to thank for starting me off.
promising
a.有希望的，有前途的
A: You have a bad cold again.
B: Yes, I have been terribly prone to illness this winter.
prone
a.1.(to)易于……的，很可能……的
2.俯卧的
A: The window will not stay open.
B: Here, prop it up with this stick.
prop
vt.支撑
n.1.支柱，支撑物
2.支持者，后盾，靠山
prop up
支持，资助
A: How was the government propaganda disseminated?
B: Through the newspapers and the TV.
propaganda
n.宣传
A: Did you grow all of these plants from seed?
B: Yes, I propagated them indoors.
propagate
vt.1.繁殖，增殖
2.传播，宣传，使普及
vi.繁殖，增殖
A: Rebecca is a great tennis player.
B: Yes, she is able to propel the ball through the air at great speed.
propel
vt.1.推进，推动
2.激励，驱使
A: Do you believe in prophecy ?
B: No, I just live each day as it comes.
prophecy
n.预言，预言能力
A: Who founded your religion?
B: A prophet from Iran.
prophet
n.1.先知
2.预言者
A: Vivienne, I have a proposition for you.
B: Go ahead, I am eager to hear it.
proposition
n.1.论点，主张
2.建议，提案
3.命题